#EZTalk #你不知道的美國大小事 #新專欄上線
📌Labor Day📌
🇺🇸美國人為何不過五一勞動節?😲
今天是美國勞動節,一起來看看,美國的勞動節跟五一勞動節有何不同👈
In the United States, Labor Day is a public holiday celebrated on the first Monday in September. The holiday honors the American labor movement and the contributions workers have made to the country’s development and prosperity. Labor Day dates back to September 5, 1882, when the Central Labor Union of New York held a march to call for better working conditions.
These September marches quickly spread to other cities, and in 1894 Labor Day became an official federal holiday. While Labor Day focused on workers’ rights in the early years, it gradually became more of a family holiday. Because Labor Day Weekend is a three-day holiday in early September, families take advantage of this time to celebrate the end of summer with barbecues and picnics.
American Labor Day is not to be confused with International Workers’ Day, which is held on May 1. Established by a group of socialist and labor parties called the Second International, which met in Paris in 1889, this holiday is also celebrated as Labour Day or Workers’ Day in various countries around the world.
【✍關鍵單字】
1. movement:「運動」,可指有特定目標或訴求的社會運動,如the woman’s movement「婦女活動」。
2. march:「示威遊行」,指一群人以「遊行」方式來抗議或呼籲某事,而另一個類似的字protest則指做某件事公開表達反對或不滿,如罷工抗議。
3. federal holiday:「聯邦假日」,為全國性假日,美國的假日分成聯邦政府法定假日,如美國勞動節就是這類,而各州也有自己的假日。
4. socialist:「社會主義的」。
5. Second International:「第二國際」,正式名稱為社會主義國際(Socialist International),是由世界各國工人政黨組成的國際組織,在巴黎召開成立大會,通過勞工法案與五一節案,催生五一國際勞動節與三八國際婦女節。
【📕中譯】
九月的第一個星期一是美國勞動節,為國定假日,這天是紀念美國勞工運動以及勞工促進美國發展與繁榮的貢獻。美國勞動節可以追溯到1882年9月5日,紐約中央工會在這一天組織遊行,呼籲更好的勞工工作條件。
這些九月大大小小的遊行隨後擴散到美國其他城市,在1894年,勞動節正式成為國定聯邦假日。雖然早年的勞動節是為了爭取勞工權益,不過近年來已成為家族聚會的節日。美國勞動節剛好落在九月初的三天連休週末假期,美國家庭會趁這個假期烤肉或野餐,慶祝夏季的結束。
許多人會把美國勞動節和五一國際勞工節混淆。後者是由社會主義及工人政黨所組成的共產第二國際在1889年於巴黎成立訂下的,世界上許多國家會以勞動節(labour為英式拼法)或工人節的名稱來慶祝這個節日。
🔔 按下「搶先看」,不錯過最新美國大小事與道地英文用法
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【你不知道的美國大小事】每週五由Judd編審分享最即時的美國新鮮事!
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同時也有3部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過11萬的網紅吉娜英文,也在其Youtube影片中提到,吉娜手機會員網站: http://www.ginateacher.com/ 聯絡email: webmaster@wordsgo.com 吉娜手機會員課程: 實用片語 14 課 食物 7 課 病毒 13 個 一般課程 10 課 (課程隨時更新) 一般精選課程: 01 上廁所相關用法 02...
「take a while用法」的推薦目錄:
- 關於take a while用法 在 EZ Talk Facebook 的精選貼文
- 關於take a while用法 在 吉娜英文 Facebook 的精選貼文
- 關於take a while用法 在 辣媽英文天后 林俐 Carol Facebook 的最佳解答
- 關於take a while用法 在 吉娜英文 Youtube 的最讚貼文
- 關於take a while用法 在 吉娜英文 Youtube 的最佳解答
- 關於take a while用法 在 吉娜英文 Youtube 的最佳解答
- 關於take a while用法 在 Take的N種用法!! / "Take" for Phrasal Verb【你的口袋家教】 的評價
- 關於take a while用法 在 就立即加入Facebook 吧。 的評價
- 關於take a while用法 在 YouTube Data API Overview - Google Developers 的評價
take a while用法 在 吉娜英文 Facebook 的精選貼文
大家晚安!新的影片上傳了,今天要學習look的十個片語,第二支影片,第六個到第十個片語。我很高興製作完畢,真的是不簡單,我蠻佩服自己的,呵呵。謝謝美國老師Kim,沒有她,我無法做出這麼珍貴的英文學習資料。這樣的課程,只在吉娜英文頻道!^^
歡迎分享,要幫我按讚,觸擊率才會多一點,才會有更多的粉絲看到這則貼文。針對這個句子的發音,如有問題可以留言,謝謝大家。
徹底搞清楚這五個片語:
look out 小心;注意;保護
look down 看下面;
look down on 瞧不起人
look after 照顧 (英式用法)
take care of 照顧 (美式用法)
look around 四處看看;到處逛逛
look forward to 期待;期盼
工商廣告:
我個人一對一家教招生,英文從頭學起,學習基礎英文的同時,就學習口語連音、變音和消音,讓你能輕鬆口說英文。
http://www.wordsgo.com/articles/tutor-service.html
***********************
look out 小心;注意;保護
Look out! There’s a car coming.
Look out! That snake is poisonous.
小心!有一輛車開過來。小心!那隻蛇有毒。
Look out for the exit off the highway. I don’t want to miss it.
你要注意公路的出口。我不想要錯失它。
Her brother always looks out for her. He wants to keep his little sister safe.
她的哥哥總是保護她。他想要維護妹妹的安全。
Look outside. It’s really raining heavily!
你看外面。雨真的下很大!
***********************
look down 向下看;小看,瞧不起人
Look down! There’s poop on the ground. Don’t step in it.
看下面。地上有屎。不要踩到。
A: This building is really tall!
B: If you are afraid of heights, don’t look down!
A: 這棟建築度真的很高!
B: 如果你怕高,不要往下看。
He looks down on Mary for having less education. He thinks he’s so much better than her.
他因為瑪莉受比較少的教育就瞧不起她。他自認為他比瑪莉好很多。
Don’t look down on me because I don’t make a lot of money.
不要因為我沒有賺很多的錢就瞧不起我。
***********************
look after 照顧
She was hired to look after their two young children.
A: Can you look after my daughter for me?
B: Sure, I can come to your house to watch her.
A: 你可以幫我照顧我的女兒嗎?
B: 可以,我可以去你家顧她。
I hired a babysitter to take care of my child.
我雇用一個保母照顧我的孩子。
I’m taking care of my sister’s dog while she is on vacation.
我正在照顧我姊姊的狗,她在渡假。
***********************
look around 到處看看,逛逛,參觀某個地方
A: May I help you?
B: No, thank you. I’m just looking. (I’m just looking around.)
A: 有什麼需要我幫忙的嗎?
B: 不用,謝謝你。我只是看看。
This is the house I’m selling. Have a look around and let me know if you have any questions.
這是我正在賣的房子。你看看,如果有任何問題,請讓我知道。
I’m going to have a look around Costco. Do you want to go with me?
我要去Costco逛逛。你想要跟我去嗎?
I’m looking around for a new apartment. I have to move out of mine soon.
我正在找一間新的公寓。我很快就必須搬出去了。
***********************
look forward to 期待;期盼
Thank you for inviting me to dinner on Saturday. I’m looking forward to it.
謝謝你邀請我星期六一起吃晚餐。我非常期待。
A: I’m still thinking about it. Once I make a decision, I’ll let you know.
B: I look forward to hearing from you.
A: 我還在考慮之中。一旦我做決定之後,我會讓你知道。
B: 我期待聽到你的消息。
The children were looking forward to their class trip to the amusement park.
這些孩子們期待遊樂園之行。
She’s looking forward to marrying her boyfriend next year. She’s trying on wedding dresses now.
她期待明年嫁給她的男朋友。她現在正在試穿婚紗。
http://yt1.piee.pw/KJ9BJ
take a while用法 在 辣媽英文天后 林俐 Carol Facebook 的最佳解答
EEC小說選讀:The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes 福爾摩斯 Chapter 1 (p14~29)
到底姊姊為什麼會被"帶斑紋的繩子"給殺死呢?趕快讀下去~~
<3 俐媽英文教室:
p14.
單字2. get dressed 著裝/ dress oneself in color = be dressed in color 穿...顏色的衣服
單字9. immediately = instantly = at once = right away (adv.) 立刻
p. 15
單字12. grave (a.) 嚴肅的;嚴重的;(n.) 墳墓 (衍:gravity n. 地心引力)
單字14. associate (n.) 夥伴;同事;(v.) 連結(+ A with B)
單字15. would like to V = want to V = feel like Ving 想要(做某事)
p. 16
單字4 last (a.) 最後的;(v.) 持續
單字5 nodding acquaintance (n.) 點頭之交
單字12 take care of = look after = tend to = attend to + N 照顧
補充:wealthy (a.) 富有的/ fortune (n.) 財富/ live on 靠...而活
p. 17
補充:perhaps (adv.) 或許 (= maybe)/ per (a.) 每一...
p. 18
單字4. by accident = accidentally (adv.) 意外地
p. 19
單字12. have a hard time + Ving 做...事很辛苦
補充:wild (a.) 狂野的;野生的;野外的
p. 20
單字1. rarely = barely = scarcely = hardly (adv.) 難得;幾乎不
單字5. oppose = be opposed to = object to + N/Ving (v.) 反對
單字10. in detail (adv.) 詳細地
單字15. tend to + V 有...傾向
p. 21
補充:as if + S + V 仿彿...(為假設語氣用法)
p. 22
補充:whistle (v.) 吹口哨
p. 23
單字1. for a while (adv.) 持續一段時間
p. 24
單字2. toss (v.) 拋;擲
單字3. wink (n.)(v.) 眨眼
單字4. sense (v.) 感覺到;(n.) 感知;感官
單字9. spring (v.) 彈起;(n.) 彈簧;泉水;春天
單字11. mass (n.) 大眾;大量;質量
p. 25
單字12. metal (n.) 金屬(比:mental a. 心理的)
p. 26
單字4. investigate = inspect = look into (v.) 調查
單字6. cause (n.) 原因;(v.) 導致
p. 27
單字7. bar (n.) 門閂;(v.) 阻止;禁止
p. 28
單字5. daybreak = dawn = sunrise (n.) 破曉;黎明
單字9. inform sb. of sth. 通知...人...事
單字10. advise (v.) 建議(= suggest)(衍:advice n. 建議)
p. 29
補充:as soon as (conj.) 一...就...
take a while用法 在 吉娜英文 Youtube 的最讚貼文
吉娜手機會員網站:
http://www.ginateacher.com/
聯絡email:
webmaster@wordsgo.com
吉娜手機會員課程:
實用片語 14 課
食物 7 課
病毒 13 個
一般課程 10 課
(課程隨時更新)
一般精選課程:
01 上廁所相關用法
02 生氣不爽三個用字
03 10個口語很棒用字
04 be used to 習慣
05 used to 以前;曾經
06 would 客氣禮貌用法
07 工作相關15實用句
08 壓力很大
09 心情不好
10 我的手機壞了
食物英文:
01 食物好吃
02 食物不好吃
03 食物放久了
04 食物很脆
05 食物很辣
06 餐廳:詢問有位置嗎?
07 餐廳:電話訂位
病毒課程:
01 隔離
02 社交距離
03 呼吸器
04 確診病例
05 14個病毒症狀
06 潛伏期
07 病毒檢測
08 爆發全球大流行
09 疫苗和免疫力
10 口罩與護目鏡
11 封鎖與禁止
12 衛生和消毒酒精
13 感染三個用字
片語課程:
01 take off 脫掉
02 put on 穿上
03 cheer up 振奮起來
04 at first 起初;一開始
05 at last 最後
06 bump into 撞到;巧遇
07 run into 撞上;遇到
08 come across 無意中發現
09 get along 與人相處融洽
10 hang out with 和朋友在一起
11 instead of 相反;替代
12 look forward to 期待;期盼
13 once in a while 偶爾;有時
14 come up with 想出;籌措金錢

take a while用法 在 吉娜英文 Youtube 的最佳解答
吉娜手機會員網站:
http://www.ginateacher.com/
聯絡email:
webmaster@wordsgo.com
吉娜手機會員課程:
實用片語 14 課
食物 7 課
病毒 13 個
一般課程 10 課
(課程隨時更新)
一般精選課程:
01 上廁所相關用法
02 生氣不爽三個用字
03 10個口語很棒用字
04 be used to 習慣
05 used to 以前;曾經
06 would 客氣禮貌用法
07 工作相關15實用句
08 壓力很大
09 心情不好
10 我的手機壞了
食物英文:
01 食物好吃
02 食物不好吃
03 食物放久了
04 食物很脆
05 食物很辣
06 餐廳:詢問有位置嗎?
07 餐廳:電話訂位
病毒課程:
01 隔離
02 社交距離
03 呼吸器
04 確診病例
05 14個病毒症狀
06 潛伏期
07 病毒檢測
08 爆發全球大流行
09 疫苗和免疫力
10 口罩與護目鏡
11 封鎖與禁止
12 衛生和消毒酒精
13 感染三個用字
片語課程:
01 take off 脫掉
02 put on 穿上
03 cheer up 振奮起來
04 at first 起初;一開始
05 at last 最後
06 bump into 撞到;巧遇
07 run into 撞上;遇到
08 come across 無意中發現
09 get along 與人相處融洽
10 hang out with 和朋友在一起
11 instead of 相反;替代
12 look forward to 期待;期盼
13 once in a while 偶爾;有時
14 come up with 想出;籌措金錢
would
(1) will 的過去式
(2) 用於現在式,表客氣
(3) 用於假設語氣
(4) would like = want 的客氣用語
輕鬆背5000英文單字影片
如何快速背單字
https://youtu.be/wypSE6WTeBU
輕鬆背5000單字會員課程
打字背單字課程
http://www.wordsgo-members.com/
輕鬆背5000單字
基礎單字試用版本
http://www.wordsgo.com/2000w/2000menu.html
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take a while用法 在 吉娜英文 Youtube 的最佳解答
10個look片語 #01 (第一支影片)
https://youtu.be/_caw9bMfJlo
look at 看著
look for 尋找
look into 調查;研究
look up 查找
look over 快速看過
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基礎英文從頭學起
學好英文諮詢
請寫信到
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****************
look out 小心;注意;保護
Look out! There’s a car coming.
Look out! That snake is poisonous.
小心!有一輛車開過來。小心!那隻蛇有毒。
Look out for the exit off the highway. I don’t want to miss it.
你要注意公路的出口。我不想要錯失它。
Her brother always looks out for her. He wants to keep his little sister safe.
她的哥哥總是保護她。他想要維護妹妹的安全。
Look outside. It’s really raining heavily!
你看外面。雨真的下很大!
****************
look down 向下看;小看,瞧不起人
Look down! There’s poop on the ground. Don’t step in it.
看下面。地上有屎。不要踩到。
A: This building is really tall!
B: If you are afraid of heights, don’t look down!
A: 這棟建築度真的很高!
B: 如果你怕高,不要往下看。
He looks down on Mary for having less education. He thinks he’s so much better than her.
他因為瑪莉受比較少的教育就瞧不起她。他自認為他比瑪莉好很多。
Don’t look down on me because I don’t make a lot of money.
不要因為我沒有賺很多的錢就瞧不起我。
****************
look after 照顧
She was hired to look after their two young children.
A: Can you look after my daughter for me?
B: Sure, I can come to your house to watch her.
A: 你可以幫我照顧我的女兒嗎?
B: 可以,我可以去你家顧她。
I hired a babysitter to take care of my child.
我雇用一個保母照顧我的孩子。
I’m taking care of my sister’s dog while she is on vacation.
我正在照顧我姊姊的狗,她在渡假。
****************
look around 到處看看,逛逛,參觀某個地方
A: May I help you?
B: No, thank you. I’m just looking. (I’m just looking around.)
A: 有什麼需要我幫忙的嗎?
B: 不用,謝謝你。我只是看看。
This is the house I’m selling. Have a look around and let me know if you have any questions.
這是我正在賣的房子。你看看,如果有任何問題,請讓我知道。
I’m going to have a look around Costco. Do you want to go with me?
我要去Costco逛逛。你想要跟我去嗎?
I’m looking around for a new apartment. I have to move out of mine soon.
我正在找一間新的公寓。我很快就必須搬出去了。
****************
look forward to 期待;期盼
Thank you for inviting me to dinner on Saturday. I’m looking forward to it.
謝謝你邀請我星期六一起吃晚餐。我非常期待。
A: I’m still thinking about it. Once I make a decision, I’ll let you know.
B: I look forward to hearing from you.
A: 我還在考慮之中。一旦我做決定之後,我會讓你知道。
B: 我期待聽到你的消息。
The children were looking forward to their class trip to the amusement park.
這些孩子們期待遊樂園之行。
She’s looking forward to marrying her boyfriend next year. She’s trying on wedding dresses now.
她期待明年嫁給她的男朋友。她現在正在試穿婚紗。

take a while用法 在 就立即加入Facebook 吧。 的推薦與評價
Art and Bianca took in several movies while at the film festival. 亞特和碧安卡參加那個影展時,觀賞了好幾部電影。 ③ take in 提供 ... ... <看更多>
take a while用法 在 YouTube Data API Overview - Google Developers 的推薦與評價
Introduction
This document is intended for developers who want to write applications that interact with YouTube. It explains basic concepts of YouTube and of the API itself. It also provides an overview of the different functions that the API supports.
Before you startYou need a Google Account to access the Google API Console, request an API key, and register your application.
Create a project in the Google Developers Console and obtain authorization credentials so your application can submit API requests.
After creating your project, make sure the YouTube Data API is one of the services that your application is registered to use:
Go to the API Console and select the project that you just registered.
Visit the Enabled APIs page.
In the list of APIs, make sure the status is ON for the YouTube Data API v3.
If your application will use any API methods that require user authorization, read the authentication guide to learn how to implement OAuth 2.0 authorization.
Select a client library to simplify your API implementation.
Familiarize yourself with the core concepts of the JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) data format. JSON is a common, language-independent data format that provides a simple text representation of arbitrary data structures. For more information, see json.org.
Resources and resource types
A resource is an individual data entity with a unique identifier. The table below describes the different types of resources that you can interact with using the API.
Resources
activity
Contains information about an action that a particular user has taken on the YouTube site. User actions that are reported in activity feeds include rating a video, sharing a video, marking a video as a favorite, and posting a channel bulletin, among others.
channel
Contains information about a single YouTube channel.
channelBanner
Identifies the URL to use to set a newly uploaded image as the banner image for a channel.
channelSection
Contains information about a set of videos that a channel has chosen to feature. For example, a section could feature a channel's latest uploads, most popular uploads, or videos from one or more playlists.
guideCategory
Identifies a category that YouTube associates with channels based on their content or other indicators, such as popularity. Guide categories seek to organize channels in a way that makes it easier for YouTube users to find the content they're looking for. While channels could be associated with one or more guide categories, they are not guaranteed to be in any guide categories.
i18nLanguage
Identifies an application language that the YouTube website supports. The application language can also be referred to as a UI language.
i18nRegion
Identifies a geographic area that a YouTube user can select as the preferred content region. The content region can also be referred to as a content locale.
playlist
Represents a single YouTube playlist. A playlist is a collection of videos that can be viewed sequentially and shared with other users.
playlistItem
Identifies a resource, such as a video, that is part of a playlist. The playlistItem resource also contains details that explain how the included resource is used in the playlist.
search result
Contains information about a YouTube video, channel, or playlist that matches the search parameters specified in an API request. While a search result points to a uniquely identifiable resource, like a video, it does not have its own persistent data.
subscription
Contains information about a YouTube user subscription. A subscription notifies a user when new videos are added to a channel or when another user takes one of several actions on YouTube, such as uploading a video, rating a video, or commenting on a video.
thumbnail
Identifies thumbnail images associated with a resource.
video
Represents a single YouTube video.
videoCategory
Identifies a category that has been or could be associated with uploaded videos.
watermark
Identifies an image that displays during playbacks of a specified channel's videos. The channel owner can also specify a target channel to which the image links as well as timing details that determine when the watermark appears during video playbacks and then length of time it is visible.
Note that, in many cases, a resource contains references to other resources. For example, a playlistItem
resource's snippet.resourceId.videoId
property identifies a video resource that, in turn, contains complete information about the video. As another example, a search result contains either a videoId
, playlistId
, or channelId
property that identifies a particular video, playlist, or channel resource.
The following table shows the most common methods that the API supports. Some resources also support other methods that perform functions more specific to those resources. For example, the videos.rate
method associates a user rating with a video, and the thumbnails.set
method uploads a video thumbnail image to YouTube and associates it with a video.
Operations
list
Retrieves (
GET
) a list of zero or more resources.insert
Creates (
POST
) a new resource.update
Modifies (
PUT
) an existing resource to reflect data in your request.delete
Removes (
DELETE
) a specific resource.The API currently supports methods to list each of the supported resource types, and it supports write operations for many resources as well.
The table below identifies the operations that are supported for different types of resources. Operations that insert, update, or delete resources always require user authorization. In some cases, list
methods support both authorized and unauthorized requests, where unauthorized requests only retrieve public data while authorized requests can also retrieve information about or private to the currently authenticated user.
Supported Operations
list
insert
update
delete
activity
caption
channel
channelBanner
channelSection
comment
commentThread
guideCategory
i18nLanguage
i18nRegion
playlist
playlistItem
search result
subscription
thumbnail
video
videoCategory
watermark
Quota usage
The YouTube Data API uses a quota to ensure that developers use the service as intended and do not create applications that unfairly reduce service quality or limit access for others. All API requests, including invalid requests, incur at least a one-point quota cost. You can find the quota available to your application in the API Console.
Projects that enable the YouTube Data API have a default quota allocation of 10,000 units per day, an amount sufficient for the overwhelming majority of our API users. Default quota, which is subject to change, helps us optimize quota allocations and scale our infrastructure in a way that is more meaningful to our API users. You can see your quota usage on the Quotas page in the API Console.
Note: If you reach the quota limit, you can request additional quota by
completing the Quota extension
request form for YouTube API Services.
Google calculates your quota usage by assigning a cost to each request. Different types of
operations have different quota costs. For example:
A read operation that retrieves a list of resources -- channels, videos, playlists -- usually
costs 1 unit.
A write operation that creates, updates, or deletes a resource usually has costs
50
units.A search request costs
100
units.A video upload costs
1600
units.The Quota costs for API requests table shows the
quota cost of each API method. With these rules in mind, you can estimate the number of requests
that your application could send per day without exceeding your quota.
The API allows, and actually requires, the retrieval of partial resources so that applications avoid transferring, parsing, and storing unneeded data. This approach also ensures that the API uses network, CPU, and memory resources more efficiently.
The API supports two request parameters, which are explained in the following sections, that enable you to identify the resource properties that should be included in API responses.
The part
parameter identifies groups of properties that should be returned for a resource.
The fields
parameter filters the API response to only return specific properties within the requested resource parts.
part
parameterThe part
parameter is a required parameter for any API request that retrieves or returns a resource. The parameter identifies one or more top-level (non-nested) resource properties that should be included in an API response. For example, a video
resource has the following parts:
snippet
contentDetails
fileDetails
player
processingDetails
recordingDetails
statistics
status
suggestions
topicDetails
All of these parts are objects that contain nested properties, and you can think of these objects as groups of metadata fields that the API server might (or might not) retrieve. As such, the part
parameter requires you to select the resource components that your application actually uses. This requirement serves two key purposes:
It reduces latency by preventing the API server from spending time retrieving metadata fields that your application doesn't use.
It reduces bandwidth usage by reducing (or eliminating) the amount of unnecessary data that your application might retrieve.
Over time, as resources add more parts, these benefits will only increase since your application will not be requesting newly introduced properties that it doesn't support.
How to use thefields
parameterThe fields
parameter filters the API response, which only contains the resource parts identified in the part
parameter value, so that the response only includes a specific set of fields. The fields
parameter lets you remove nested properties from an API response and thereby further reduce your bandwidth usage. (The part
parameter cannot be used to filter nested properties from a response.)
The following rules explain the supported syntax for the fields
parameter value, which is loosely based on XPath syntax:
Use a comma-separated list (fields=a,b
) to select multiple fields.
Use an asterisk (fields=*
) as a wildcard to identify all fields.
Use parentheses (fields=a(b,c)
) to specify a group of nested properties that will be included in the API response.
Use a forward slash (fields=a/b
) to identify a nested property.
In practice, these rules often allow several different fields
parameter values to retrieve the same API response. For example, if you want to retrieve the playlist item ID, title, and position for every item in a playlist, you could use any of the following values:
fields=items/id,playlistItems/snippet/title,playlistItems/snippet/position
fields=items(id,snippet/title,snippet/position)
fields=items(id,snippet(title,position))
Note: As with all query parameter values, the fields
parameter value must be URL encoded. For better readability, the examples in this document omit the encoding.
The examples below demonstrate how you can use the part
and fields
parameters to ensure that API responses only include the data that your application uses:
Example 1 returns a video resource that includes four parts as well as
kind
and etag
properties.Example 2 returns a video resource that includes two parts as well as
kind
and etag
properties.Example 3 returns a video resource that includes two parts but excludes
kind
and etag
properties.Example 4 returns a video resource that includes two parts but excludes
kind
and etag
as well as some nested properties in the resource's snippet
object.Example 1
URL: https://www.googleapis.com/youtube/v3/videos?id=7lCDEYXw3mM&key=YOUR_API_KEY
&part=snippet,contentDetails,statistics,statusDescription: This example retrieves avideo
resource and identifies several
resource parts that should be included in the API response.API response:
{
"kind": "youtube#videoListResponse",
"etag": "\"UCBpFjp2h75_b92t44sqraUcyu0/sDAlsG9NGKfr6v5AlPZKSEZdtqA\"",
"videos": [
{
"id": "7lCDEYXw3mM",
"kind": "youtube#video",
"etag": "\"UCBpFjp2h75_b92t44sqraUcyu0/iYynQR8AtacsFUwWmrVaw4Smb_Q\"",
"snippet": {
"publishedAt": "2012-06-20T22:45:24.000Z",
"channelId": "UC_x5XG1OV2P6uZZ5FSM9Ttw",
"title": "Google I/O 101: Q&A On Using Google APIs",
"description": "Antonio Fuentes speaks to us and takes questions on working with Google APIs and OAuth 2.0.",
"thumbnails": {
"default": {
"url": "https://i.ytimg.com/vi/7lCDEYXw3mM/default.jpg"
},
"medium": {
"url": "https://i.ytimg.com/vi/7lCDEYXw3mM/mqdefault.jpg"
},
"high": {
"url": "https://i.ytimg.com/vi/7lCDEYXw3mM/hqdefault.jpg"
}
},
"categoryId": "28"
},
"contentDetails": {
"duration": "PT15M51S",
"aspectRatio": "RATIO_16_9"
},
"statistics": {
"viewCount": "3057",
"likeCount": "25",
"dislikeCount": "0",
"favoriteCount": "17",
"commentCount": "12"
},
"status": {
"uploadStatus": "STATUS_PROCESSED",
"privacyStatus": "PRIVACY_PUBLIC"
}
}
]
}
Example 2
URL: https://www.googleapis.com/youtube/v3/videos?id=7lCDEYXw3mM&key=YOUR_API_KEY
&part=snippet,statisticsDescription: This example modifies thepart
parameter value so that the
contentDetails
andstatus
properties are not included
in the response.API response:
{
"kind": "youtube#videoListResponse",
"etag": "\"UCBpFjp2h75_b92t44sqraUcyu0/sDAlsG9NGKfr6v5AlPZKSEZdtqA\"",
"videos": [
{
"id": "7lCDEYXw3mM",
"kind": "youtube#video",
"etag": "\"UCBpFjp2h75_b92t44sqraUcyu0/iYynQR8AtacsFUwWmrVaw4Smb_Q\"",
"snippet": {
"publishedAt": "2012-06-20T22:45:24.000Z",
"channelId": "UC_x5XG1OV2P6uZZ5FSM9Ttw",
"title": "Google I/O 101: Q&A On Using Google APIs",
"description": "Antonio Fuentes speaks to us and takes questions on working with Google APIs and OAuth 2.0.",
"thumbnails": {
"default": {
"url": "https://i.ytimg.com/vi/7lCDEYXw3mM/default.jpg"
},
"medium": {
"url": "https://i.ytimg.com/vi/7lCDEYXw3mM/mqdefault.jpg"
},
"high": {
"url": "https://i.ytimg.com/vi/7lCDEYXw3mM/hqdefault.jpg"
}
},
"categoryId": "28"
},
"statistics": {
"viewCount": "3057",
"likeCount": "25",
"dislikeCount": "0",
"favoriteCount": "17",
"commentCount": "12"
}
}
]
}
Example 3
URL: https://www.googleapis.com/youtube/v3/videos?id=7lCDEYXw3mM&key=YOUR_API_KEY
&part=snippet,statistics&fields=items(id,snippet,statistics)Description: This example adds thefields
parameter to remove all
kind
andetag
properties from the API response.API response:
{
"videos": [
{
"id": "7lCDEYXw3mM",
"snippet": {
"publishedAt": "2012-06-20T22:45:24.000Z",
"channelId": "UC_x5XG1OV2P6uZZ5FSM9Ttw",
"title": "Google I/O 101: Q&A On Using Google APIs",
"description": "Antonio Fuentes speaks to us and takes questions on working with Google APIs and OAuth 2.0.",
"thumbnails": {
"default": {
"url": "https://i.ytimg.com/vi/7lCDEYXw3mM/default.jpg"
},
"medium": {
"url": "https://i.ytimg.com/vi/7lCDEYXw3mM/mqdefault.jpg"
},
"high": {
"url": "https://i.ytimg.com/vi/7lCDEYXw3mM/hqdefault.jpg"
}
},
"categoryId": "28"
},
"statistics": {
"viewCount": "3057",
"likeCount": "25",
"dislikeCount": "0",
"favoriteCount": "17",
"commentCount": "12"
}
}
]
}
Example 4
URL: https://www.googleapis.com/youtube/v3/videos?id=7lCDEYXw3mM&key=YOUR_API_KEY
&fields=items(id,snippet(channelId,title,categoryId),statistics)&part=snippet,statisticsDescription: This example modifies thefields
parameter from example 3
so that in the API response, each video resource'ssnippet
object only includes thechannelId
,title
,
andcategoryId
properties.API response:
{
"videos": [
{
"id": "7lCDEYXw3mM",
"snippet": {
"channelId": "UC_x5XG1OV2P6uZZ5FSM9Ttw",
"title": "Google I/O 101: Q&A On Using Google APIs",
"categoryId": "28"
},
"statistics": {
"viewCount": "3057",
"likeCount": "25",
"dislikeCount": "0",
"favoriteCount": "17",
"commentCount": "12"
}
}
]
}
Optimizing performance
Using ETags
ETags, a standard part of the HTTP protocol, allow applications to refer to a specific version of a particular API resource. The resource could be an entire feed or an item in that feed. This functionality supports the following use cases:
Caching and conditional retrieval – Your application can cache API resources and their ETags. Then, when your application requests a stored resource again, it specifies the ETag associated with that resource. If the resource has changed, the API returns the modified resource and the ETag associated with that version of the resource. If the resource has not changed, the API returns an HTTP 304 response (Not Modified
), which indicates that the resource has not changed. Your application can reduce latency and bandwidth usage by serving cached resources in this manner.
The client libraries for Google APIs differ in their support of ETags. For example, the JavaScript client library supports ETags via a whitelist for allowed request headers that includes If-Match
and If-None-Match
. The whitelist allows normal browser caching to occur so that if a resource's ETag has not changed, the resource can be served from the browser cache. The Obj-C client, on the other hand, does not support ETags.
Protecting against inadvertent overwrites of changes – ETags help to ensure that multiple API clients don't inadvertently overwrite each other's changes. When updating or deleting a resource, your application can specify the resource's ETag. If the ETag doesn't match the most recent version of that resource, then the API request fails.
Using ETags in your application provides several benefits:
The API responds more quickly to requests for cached but unchanged resources, yielding lower latency and lower bandwidth usage.Your application will not inadvertently overwrite changes to a resource that were made from another API client.
The Google APIs Client Library for JavaScript supports If-Match
and If-None-Match
HTTP request headers, thereby enabling ETags to work within the context of normal browser caching.
Using gzip
You can also reduce the bandwidth needed for each API response by enabling gzip compression. While your application will need additional CPU time to uncompress API responses, the benefit of consuming fewer network resources usually outweighs that cost.
To receive a gzip-encoded response you must do two things:
Set the Accept-Encoding
HTTP request header to gzip
.
Modify your user agent to contain the string gzip
.
The sample HTTP headers below demonstrate these requirements for enabling gzip compression:
Accept-Encoding: gzip
User-Agent: my program (gzip)
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