關於 physical education翻譯 ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

＃其實張署長是懂體育體制
我讀過張署長許多資料，他在學術研究領域與我過去教育所口試委員洪老師相關資料中，我發現，論述到運動員生涯規劃與他國比較時，都很精準，非常值得參考，只是，張署長在職權上沒有權力去按照他與各位專家所做出的研究政策，原因是體育署所執掌的範圍不在「專業修法」，只能使用「行政法規、命令」進行改造。

＃此際要的不只是感動與熱血
是一個長治久安的基本權益的賦予，並紮紮實實地寫在法律條文而不是內部行政缺乏保障的規則（義傑法學老師的指導方針），這也是為什麼我論述，體育是Physical Education，運動是SPORT，兩者是完全不同的樣態，但我國行政組織卻把它硬湊一起，導致體育署沒有辦法全面做好事情，畢竟他是三級單位，編制人數比台X市體育局還小，但要管全國所有體育教育、運動產業甚至到博弈！！
天阿，這是教育部該做的事嗎？產業是教育？教育是博弈？！我想各位應該與我一樣，「教育博弈」持太大保留意見，這也難怪，在經濟事務上，體育署去年紓困很慢，今年想要幫忙用力紓困卻沒有經濟論述來說服放行者。

＃美國體育制度
美國政府以「體育運動民營化」的精神主導了美國全民的運動氣氛，舉辦體育運動活動或鼓勵與體育運動有關的運科研究，非常需要適當的經費贊助，民營化後的體育運動便能夠有足夠的自主性以解決經費問題。當民營化後，體育經費不一定都來自於政府，反而政府在體育經費上進而縮減（體委會，95）。
拜民間力量之賜，這也是美國成為運動強國原因，畢竟民間力量與速度沒有國會限制，運動回到民間，體育是教育政策。唯有人民將體育視為生活一部分時，運動才能更為蓬勃，進而「幫助體育競技更發達」。

＃回到我國體育政策
我們就要思考，體育是否純粹回歸到教育部體育署專業工作，減輕體育署不專業、不專長的工作。針對運動SPORT是否應該成立二級部會承如「文化部」、「文策院」功能，讓政府來協助民間在運動產業制度上發展，並能與財政部、經濟部、國發基金等進行跨部會平行合作，將運動事業發展成產業聚落，成為國際運動產業鍊大國。

＃智慧是累積來的 ＃知識是閱讀而來
這五年來我研讀商法，當自己發現問題時，我會找朋友翻譯日本、美國及其他資料，這些都是要「收費」的，不是7-11告訴我答案，更非我憑空想像，當然，我願意，因為這是智慧、也是知識。

下星期，8月11日，下午2點，
我將與幾位關心體育政策先進、專家、長官、企業家、選手與教練進行國是體育論壇進行，
＃體育專法之可行性評估
＃運動發展部成立必要性

如有關心我國體育政策發展朋友們，敬請關注（媒體直播名單陸續更新中）：
雅虎奇摩運動粉絲團
林義傑FB粉絲頁
東森 運動雲粉絲團

當天與會貴賓：
政治大學法律系副教授 吳秦雯
立法委員 黃國書 蔣萬安 王婉瑜 高虹安
崇越科技 郭智輝 董事長
勤美集團 林廷芳 董事長
奧運金牌 陳詩欣
前國家教練 田偉璋
中華民國足球協會 焦佳弘
青年選手家長 Diana
SUPERACE 林義傑

歡迎各位社會先進指導 感謝。

[教育時評] Developing Empathy

為什麼同理於此時比以往任何時刻都重要？

同理(empathy)可以定義為從他人觀點理解感受他人所感的能力。這與同情(sympathy)不同，同情是對處於困境之人感到難過的感覺。在某些情況下，兩個術語有共同之處是因為同理是一種共鳴的關切，其中包括希望人們更好的渴望。

心理學家已辨識出不同種類的同理，主要為情感和認知兩種類型。情感同理心 (affective empathy)是指能分享他人感受的能力。它使我們能夠「鏡像」他人的感受並覺察他們的焦慮或恐懼。

認知同理心(cognitive empathy)，也稱為換位思考，是識別和理解他人感受的能力。有效的溝通需要情感同理心和認知同理心兩者，因為它們可以幫助我們建立情感連結並向受眾傳達信息。同理對於協作和領導力也很重要，因為一個人需要理解和預期他人的情感和行為，才能與之工作並帶領他們走向成功。

人們可以看到同理呈現在所有職業中。老師需要靠同理來理解和滿足學生的多樣化需求。研究表明，富有同理心的醫療人員的患者享有更好的健康狀況。警察需要同理來拉近與之打交道的人的距離，來減少以武力處理的狀況。想想當警察缺乏對示威者的同理時會發生什麼。

現在比以往任何時候都更需要同理心。身份政治，政府競爭，甚至是最近的健康危機，都在逐漸蠶食我們的同理心和同情心，導致更大的緊繃，分裂和衝突。社交媒體上有多少發文在強調相互幫助的需要，又有多少在傳播恐懼和仇恨？

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並非所有希望都已失去。我們仍可以懷有和培養同理心。我們可以試著練習：

1.積極傾聽 (Active listening)：傾聽並關注他人意見。不要只是簡單地摒除與自身不同的觀點。

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2.破除認同屏障(Shared identity)：了解與自己不同的人。與其只關注兩者間的差異，不如考慮自己與他們分享的共同點。想像自己如何能設身處地的換位思考。

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3.制止不平等和冷漠 (Combating inequality and indifference)：許多獲得較高社會經濟地位（socioeconomic status、SES）的人有時同理稍弱，因為他們較少有連結、依靠或與他人合作的需求。這並不意味所有富裕之人都對他人的需求漠不關心，但他們可能更需要去關注維持對他人的同理。

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4.閱讀與改變觀點 (Reading and changing perspectives)：研究表明，閱讀文學小說（例如《殺死一隻知更鳥》，《老鼠與男人》）著重於人物心理及其與世界的互動。這些書激發讀者理解角色的意圖和動機，且這種的意識可以被帶入現實世界。但是，我認為，所有書籍，即使是非小說類書籍（例如《安妮·弗蘭克日記》）也能做到這一點，讀者不應受到書本類型的限制。重點在以閱讀了解他人的思維方式，從他人的角度思考和「體驗」生活，並將所學應用在自己的生活中。

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因此，為協助學生發展同理這一重要能力，我決定在我們的粉專上發起一個全新的系列：翻轉視界 (Changing Perspectives)。除了定期發布的《時事英文》、《教育時評》和《學習資源》，我們還將分享來自世界各地的人們的故事，文章中會提供關鍵詞、翻譯並向你提出批判性問題以期能幫助各位從不同的角度解讀世界！但是，單單思考並不夠！希望你可以不僅通過閱讀來發展同理，也通過理解和與他人合作將同理應用到生活中來取得成功。

References

Bal, P. M., & Veltkamp, M. (2013). How does fiction reading influence empathy? An experimental investigation on the role of emotional transportation. PloS one, 8(1).

Kaplan, S. (2016, July 22). Does reading fiction make you a better person? The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2016/07/22/does-reading-fiction-make-you-a-better-person/

Keen, S. (2007). Empathy and the Novel. Oxford University Press on Demand.

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Why is empathy more important now than ever?

Empathy can be defined as the capacity to understand feel what others experience from their perspectives. It differs from sympathy, the feeling of feeling sorry for someone in a difficult situation. In some instances, the terms overlap as sympathy is an empathetic concern, which includes the desire to see people better off.

Psychologists have identified different types of empathy, two main types being affective and cognitive. Affective empathy refers to the ability to share the feelings of others. It enables us to “mirror” what others feel and detect their anxiety or fears. Cognitive empathy, also known as perspective-taking, is the ability to identify and understand how others feel. Both are needed in effective communication because they help us build emotional connections and relay information to our audiences. Empathy is also essential for collaboration and leadership as one needs to understand and anticipate the emotions and behaviors of others to work with them and lead them to success.

One can see empathy present in all professions. Teachers need it to understand and meet the diverse needs of students. Research shows medical workers high in empathy have patients who enjoy better health. The police need it to feel less distant from people they are dealing with and defuse situations with less physical force. Think about what happens when the police lack empathy with protestors.

Empathy is needed more than ever now. Identity politics, government rivalry, and even the latest health crisis are gradually stripping us of our empathy and compassion, leading to greater tension, division, and conflict. How many posts on social media highlight the need to help one another, and how many spread fear and hate?

Not all hope is lost. We can still nurture and cultivate empathy. We can practice:

1. Active listening: Listen and be mindful of the opinions of others. Don’t merely dismiss every viewpoint different than your own.

2. Shared identity: Learn about people who are different from you. Rather than focus only on the differences, think about what you have in common. Imagine what you would do in their situation.

3. Combating inequality and indifference: Many who have attained higher socioeconomic status (SES) sometimes have diminished empathy because they have less of a need to connect with, rely on, or collaborate with others. This does not mean that all wealthy individuals are indifferent to the needs of others, but they might need to be more mindful about maintaining empathy towards everyone.

4. Reading and changing perspectives: Research shows that reading literary fiction (e.g., To Kill a Mockingbird, Of Mice and Men) focuses on the psychology of characters and their interaction with the world. These books motivate readers to understand character intentions and motivations, and such awareness can be carried into the real world. However, I personally believe that all books, even non-fiction (e.g., the Diary of Anne Frank), can do the same, and readers should not be restricted by the genre. The point is to read to understand the mindset of others, to think and “experience” life from their perspectives, and to apply these lessons to your own life.

Thus, to help students develop empathy, I have decided to launch a new series on our page: Changing Perspectives (翻轉視界). In addition to our regular posting of News English, Opinions in Education, and Learning Resources, we will share stories of people from around the world, provide key words, translations, and ask you critical questions to help you view the world from other perspectives! However, thinking is not enough! Develop empathy through reading but also apply it to your lives by understanding and working with others to achieve success.

References

Bal, P. M., & Veltkamp, M. (2013). How does fiction reading influence empathy? An experimental investigation on the role of emotional transportation. PloS one, 8(1).

Kaplan, S. (2016, July 22). Does reading fiction make you a better person? The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2016/07/22/does-reading-fiction-make-you-a-better-person/

Keen, S. (2007). Empathy and the Novel. Oxford University Press on Demand.

★★★★★★★★★★★★

圖片出處：https://bit.ly/2JUYzA9

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tl;dr: View the world from different perspectives. Have empathy and be nice.

教育時評: http://bit.ly/39ABON9

這兩年，台灣物理治療學會每年都會邀請澳洲的物理治療大師 Mark Comerford 來台灣教授 Kinetic Control 系列課程。

Kinetic Control 是由英國 Movement Performance Solution 這個機構所研發的課程之一，而這個機構正是由Mark Comerford 與 Sarah Mottram 所創辦的。Movement Performance Solution 主要提供「動作健康相關專業人員」一系列有系統的教育與訓練；透過提供有系統的動作評估、動作再訓練方法以及輔助的科技系統，幫助物理治療師更加了解如何預防、處理個案的肌肉骨骼問題、疼痛，以及提升運動員的表現，協助人們增進動作表現與動作健康。

Movement Performance Solution 除了Kinetic Control 這一系列課程外，還有「動作測試與訓練線上資料庫 Kinetic Control Testing & Retraining Catalogue」、由Mark Comerford 與 Sarah Mottram 所撰寫的書籍「The Management of Uncontrolled Movemnt」以及「線上學習課程eLearning」。 另外還有提供動作分析與訓練的系統軟體「The Performance Matrix(TPM)」。

簡單來說就是：
【Movement Performance Solution】http://www.movementperformancesolutions.com/

◆The performance Matrix: http://www.theperformancematrix.com/
●TPM Pro
●TPM Active
●TPM Elite

◆Kinetic Control : http://www.kineticcontrol.com/
●The Movement Solution Course
●Module Courses

◆Publication - The Management of Uncontrolled Movement: http://www.kineticcontrol.com/book

◆Online exercise module-Kinetic Control Testing & Retraining Catalogue: http://www.kineticcontrol.com/exercise-catalogue

◆eLearning: http://www.movementperformancesolutions.com/shop/elearning
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今年8月， Mark 來台教授 Kinetic Control - Movement Solution 課程時，很榮幸擔任該課程的翻譯

就在課程結束 Mark 要離開前的晚餐時
Mark 說他對於我的翻譯感到印象深刻，加上考慮其他眾多條件後，覺得我就是他們要找的人！
Mark 問我是否願意接受培訓，成為 Kinetic Control 可以以中文和英文授課的國際講師

於是，我簽了人生中第二份的工作合約，正式成為 Kinetic Control Instructor Trainee （Kinetic Control 培訓講師） 😊。

謝謝陽明大學王子娟老師、施怡芬老師、陳文英老師，還有德建康肌適能中心 Daniel 主任的支持！

也謝謝身邊所有的同事、好友們的支持與協助！
我是何其幸運，身邊總是充滿了貴人！無比感激！

希望早日完成訓練、通過考試，以大家熟悉的中文與更多物理治療師分享專業的知識。

Kinetic Control 官網我的個人簡介：
http://www.kineticcontrol.com/about-us/suzanne-tang

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Taiwan Physical Therapy Association has been holding Kinetic Control course every year since 2014.

Kinetic Control is one of the courses developed by Movement Performance Solution which was founded by Mark Comerford and Sarah Mottram. Movement Performance Solution provides education and training for movement professionals, helping therapists understand how to prevent and manage musculoskeletal injury and pain in clients, patients or players and improve their movement efficiency and Movement Health.

Besides Kinetic Control courses, Movement Performance Solution also provides Kinetic Control Testing & Retraining Catalogue, the book - The Management of Uncontrolled Movement written by Mark Comerford & Sarah Mottram, on-line e-learning and “The Performance Matrix(TPM)” the movement analysis and retraining systems.
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In August, it was my honour to be the translator of the Kinetic Control Course delivered by Mark.
Before Mark’s departure, he expressed his deep impression of my translation.
He asked me if I was willing to be trained as a Kinetic Control instructor.
Oh!!! Of course, I'd love to.
I was so happy and excited!

I signed the second contract in my life.
I'm a kinetic control instructor trainee now!
And the training has begun.

I'm so happy that I can join the great team!
I’m so grateful for the supportive people around me.

My bio on the KC website
http://www.kineticcontrol.com/about-us/suzanne-tang