【稱霸臺灣廚房半世紀的local king:沙拉脫】#沙拉脫到現在都沒變
#報時光閱讀專題 #考究歷史
文/ 蔡蕙頻(國立台北教育大學台灣文化研究所兼任助理教授)
做菜前,您用什麼洗蔬果?三餐飯後,您用什麼洗鍋碗瓢盆?有些人擔心蔬果上的農藥及各種病原體殘留,選擇由活性酵素製成的蔬果清潔劑來徹底清潔食材;碗盤則用添加檸檬精油、溫和不傷手的洗碗精來洗去油膩與汙垢。市面上廚房清潔用品百百種,不管您用哪一種,您一定都認識這個稱霸臺灣家戶廚房半世紀的品牌:沙拉脫。
#清潔劑的進化
說到清潔劑,歷史很悠久。簡單來說,日治時期臺灣已經有了製造肥皂的技術,民眾除了使用草灰、皂角、茶餅等天然材料來清潔之外,也有了使用各種肥皂的習慣。
到了戰後,在很長的歲月裡,肥皂仍然是臺灣清潔劑市場中的主力商品,形式則從塊狀到粉狀都有。除了肥皂之外,一九六○年代,石油化學工業和塑膠工業成為臺灣工業發展的主力產業,市面上開始出現了「非肥皂」商品,即合成清潔劑,不經皂化反應製成的「非肥皂」屬於石油化學工業的一環,你我耳熟能詳的「利台化工」,就是戰後製造「非肥皂」的主力大廠。
不管是肥皂或非肥皂,只要是使用粉狀的清潔劑,洗碗的時候,要先將肥皂粉或洗滌粉溶於水中,再用來清洗碗盤器具。刷洗完畢之後,再以清水沖洗乾淨,基本上和現在的洗碗流程一致。
不過,如果是洗菜,就沒有這麼「工夫」了。多數家庭都是使用清水洗菜,清水洗菜不是問題,問題在於早年臺灣人種菜多用人肥畜肥,蔬菜上容易殘留蛔蟲、十二指腸蟲等寄生蟲卵(〈十八種蔬菜 附有蛔蟲卵〉,《聯合報》1970年8月10日,第8版),許多旅臺的外國人寧願花大錢購買外國進口的食材,也不敢買臺灣生產的蔬菜(〈蔬菜〉,《聯合報》1967年11月15日,第4版);化學農藥普及以後,雖然少了寄生蟲的威脅,卻又多了農藥殘留的疑慮,民眾因吃蔬果而農藥中毒的事件頻傳,官方曾呼籲在烹食之前,先用清潔劑將蔬果洗乾淨,避免中毒。(〈烹食蔬菜之前 先用皂粉洗淨 可免農藥中毒〉,《聯合報》1964年11月23日,第3版)
#日本直輸入的沙拉脫
這時候,「沙拉脫」出現了。生產「沙拉脫」的是日本SUNSTAR(サンスター)株式會社,它原本是一家生產牙膏的公司,從1961年開始推出清潔用品,後來開發名為「サラット K」的廚房用液體清潔劑,英文寫作「SALATT」。
1965年,SUNSTAR公司宣布和「臺灣日星化工股份有限公司」合作,將「サラット K」作為該公司征戰海外的前鋒商品,進軍臺灣市場。發布的記者會上,該社特別說明,「現地(臺灣)沒有廚房用清潔劑,清洗碗盤時還在使用清潔肥皂(洗濯石鹼)或去污粉(磨き砂)」,這使他們嗅到商機,採取在地生產的方式,交由臺灣日星化工生產、銷售。
來到臺灣的「サラット」,不僅商標仿照日本原版的設計,採用彷彿水滴濺開來的藍色圖案,並以同樣的線條寫上紅字「サラット」,連商標旁的小語「食器・野菜・果物に」,都如實照翻為「食器‧蔬菜‧水果 潔清用」而非「清潔用」,唯獨不同的是,臺灣版多了「沙拉脫」的中文名字。現在給人強烈本土清潔劑印象的沙拉脫,原來是日本舶來品,簡直日本直輸入!
至於為什麼要取名為「沙拉脫」呢?它除了是「サラット」的諧音之外,該公司解釋,「沙」在中文裡是「汙垢、灰塵」的意思,「拉」則是「刮除」,而「脫」也有「清除」的意思,因此「沙拉脫」這名字,也能清楚傳達「強力去除污垢」的商品特色。
#太太小姐們的心頭好
沙拉脫在臺灣一上市,就標榜「最初廚房用中性洗劑今問世了!」並打出「農藥、油垢洗得乾乾淨淨」的廣告詞,強調它「優越的洗淨力」,能把蔬果上的各種蟲卵細菌洗除乾淨,而且還能保持蔬果的養分與鮮味;成份非離子,太太小姐拿它來洗碗盤,輕鬆沖洗又不傷手,最重要的是還很便宜!堪稱物美價廉的革命性清潔品!
有鑑於消費者尚無使用這類液體清潔劑的習慣,日星公司還特別刊登廣告,教導民眾如何拿沙拉脫來洗餐具、蔬果:在兩公升的水中加入一瓶蓋沙拉脫,再將碗盤或蔬果放在溶液中輕輕搖洗數次之後,再用清水沖淨即可。最神奇的是,廣告還教育使用者,洗過蔬果的沙拉脫溶液別倒掉,除了洗碗盤之外,還可以拿來洗家具、擦門窗,家中各處看得到的灰塵污垢,都不是沙拉脫的對手,這樣威的商品,能不賣翻天嗎?
#百花齊放的清潔劑市場
沙拉脫問世之後,除了使用方便之外,銷售通路也廣,百貨店、雜貨店甚至是西藥房都買得到,多線進攻之下,顯然輕鬆攻佔臺灣的清潔用品市場。打響名號後,也曾推出去污粉等清潔產品。另一方面,民眾對於不需要等待顆粒溶解的液體清潔劑接受度也越來越高,因此貨架上開始出現了其他品牌的液體清潔劑,如花王新奇,天工去污粉也出了清潔劑等。不過,沙拉脫成功後,想要分杯羹的廠商太多了,仿冒品充市,於是日星公司在1980年宣布換包裝,改為將標籤印在透明玻璃紙上,呼籲消費者購買時看乎清、認乎明,以防假貨。這就是我們現在熟悉的沙拉脫。(〈盼認明商標 免購進膺品〉,《聯合報》1980年3月18日,9版)
最後,沙拉脫還有一個小故事。引進這項商品的「臺灣日星化工股份有限公司」在基隆,店面不大,至今也只有販售沙拉脫這一項商品。而它最早登記的負責人是謝清雲,他就是一手打下基隆謝家政商基礎的領頭人物,曾留學日本,從藥學起家之後,曾任多屆基隆市議員、臺灣省議長、省府委員,後來也接掌基隆二信,前立委謝國樑即為其孫。正如同謝家今日仍是基隆地區政、商界呼風喚雨的重要勢力,沙拉脫也依然是清潔用品中少不了的的要角,在你我的廚房中佔有不可忽視的一席之地。
#報時光專家文
#報時光UDNtime
更多報時光閱讀專題:https://reurl.cc/Kkzqkp
同時也有1部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過3萬的網紅LKNim,也在其Youtube影片中提到,其實Ruckus Ridge既中文係咩? 鬼知咩? 總之呢隻就係...Ruckus~Ridge~!!! Ruckus Ridge : http://www.ruckusridgegame.com/ Ruckus Ridge VR Party is the first local multipla...
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[City of London]
私房景點分享倫敦- St Bartholomew's Hospital
很多人都知道亨利八世的6個老婆(很多人頭落地),但應該不知道他有心軟的一面。
https://goo.gl/ipJ5W1
16世紀中葉正當宗教改革時候,醫院也是教堂的資產,亨利瓦解了天主教政權和財產,同時也收納了這間還在倫敦,可追溯到13世紀最老的 St Bart's 醫院(聽說當時病人主要飲食是麵包配啤酒),醫院被政府收納後,幾萬的人口沒醫生可以看,最後好幾次人民起意,勸說後,亨利八世最後把醫院換給市政府。這個神秘的彩繪玻璃(亨利八世在中間拿著權杖,左下角的藍袍的是倫敦市長Lord Mayor接收亨利的醫院合約 )就藏在這醫院的夾角中。要是路過倫敦,大家來一起來找吧。
體驗更多的倫敦故事歡迎加入藝起逛City of London 導覽
https://goo.gl/ipJ5W1
St Bartholomew's Hospital
W Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE
[City of London ]You don't normal see Henry 8 associate with healing the sick and saving like for the 6 times married king. Priory of st Bartholomew ( old hospital ) was suppressed in 1539, and thousand of local lack of medical care. Petition were signed. 1546 Henry 8th grant "the hospital " the name has to be the '"house of the poor in west Smithfield in the suburb of city of London, king Henry 8th foundation, a rare stain glass still hanging the St Bartholomew museum today. What a fine little gems
#跟葛藝起逛英國 #中文導遊 #英國導遊 #英國歷史 #henry8th #stbartholomew #Cityoflondon
local king中文 在 Ccc旅行攝 Facebook 的最佳貼文
朋友的不丹團
不丹是人稱「喜瑪拉雅山下的香格里拉」
有興趣的朋友可以參考參考
CCC
6月12-20不丹團 揪人
今年尼泊爾爬山完之後想要繞去大吉嶺一趟 發現有充裕的時間可以再回不丹一次 聯絡了之前去不丹的旅遊公司的CEO (上次去玩完之後成為好友 也介紹一些朋友給他)發現6月有兩個慶典可以參加 請他給我行程 因為有認識 所以只要我們湊團到10人以上 陸路進出9天8夜一人只要1550美金(和簽證費)「註通常一人一晚最低消費是250美」
另外這次也會找中文導遊一天100美金確定人數後大家共攤
這兩個慶典都在很少人去的不丹中部 拉車時間比較長 但是是看到跟格魯派(我們熟知的達賴喇嘛-黃帽)不同(藏傳佛教)教派的噶舉派慶典 (面具舞等等)
我個人3年前只去5天4夜就花了1100
吃住交通導遊都包含 我當時只有買明信片郵票跟啤酒有花到錢, 住宿都是3星旅館有wifi 或者不錯的不丹建築民宿
所以有興趣的朋友快點跟我連絡
想要陸路進出的順變跟我去大吉嶺錫金品茶的 我可以跟你們在Siliguri (機場是Bagdogra目前查到國泰或者華航+印度捷特航空從台北經印度德里到Bagdogra 6/8-6/21 都是台幣24300左右) 碰面 我可以帶你們搭公車到邊界
飛機進出的自理台北-曼谷航線 (威航虎航都是不錯的便宜選擇飛DMK, 價格都在7-8000左右 只是大家要記得跟去不丹是不同機場BKK)我們在不丹見
至於曼谷不丹部分 我查到的機票時間如下 目前來回官網查到是是$635 (~21300台幣)(還沒收到旅行社報價越晚訂越貴)
6/12 KB 141 BANGKOK 09:00 PARO 12:35
6/20 KB 130 PARO 13:35 BANGKOK 18:45
有超過10-15人我才能有這個好價錢 不然就放棄啦 有什麼問題盡量問我啊
下面是我上次去不丹的相簿連結
https://www.facebook.com/media/set/…
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行程如下
09 Days 08 Nights Bhutan Tour(Drive In Drive Out)
June 12th 2016 (陸路)- Day 01: Drive Phuntsholing Punakha (175 km + 75 km, 8-9 hrs drive)
After arrive in Phuntsholing in the morning and done with Immigrations formalities we drive to Thimphu and the drive to Punakha.
陸路有點顛簸 但是多參觀了邊界的不丹小城Phuntsholing 一路上有好多時間跟導遊聊天 當時問了了很多不丹的風俗飲食宗教家庭等等的問題 會暈車的請自備藥物
Dinner & O/N Hotel Lobesa or Similar
June 12th 2016 - Day 01 (飛機進不丹): Arrive Paro by Air & transfer to Punakha via Thimphu (55 km + 75 km, approx 4.1/2 hours drive)
After arrive in Paro International Air-Port, Greet by BHT team & Transfer to Thimphu for lunch . After lunch we will visit Memorail Chorten built in the memory of the late King Jigme Dorji Wangchuck, & Dive to Punakha.
Dinner & O/N Hotel Lobesa or Similar
June 13th 2016 - Day 02: Punakha – Bumthang ( 212 km 8-9 hrs)
After breakfast we will we will drive full day through thick vegetations and many species of rhododendron & high passes of Pele-La (3150 mtrs), crossing Trongsa and visit Trongsa Dzong. Built in 1648, it was the seat of power over central and eastern Bhutan. Both the first and second kings of Bhutan ruled the country from this ancient seat. All four kings were invested as Trongsa Penlop (“governor”) prior to ascending the throne. The dzong is a massive structure with many levels, sloping down the contours of the ridge on which it is built. Because of the dzong’s highly strategic position, on the only connecting route between east and west, the Trongsa Penlop was able to control effectively the whole of the central and eastern regions of the country from here.
We drive and cross a small pass arrive Bumthang.
Dinner & O/N Hotel Mepham Guest house or Similar
June 14th 2016 - Day 03: Bumthang.
Today Morning after breakfast we will drive to visit Mebar Tsho - the Burning Lake. According to the legend Terton Pema Lingpa had a vision of the sacred treasures that Guru Rimpoche had hidden within the lake centuries earlier. However the people of Tang and the local ruler were cynical of his claims. In order to prove his claims, Pema Lingpa held a butter lamp in his hand as he jumped into the lake. After remaining under water for a long time he re-emerged holding a chest and a scroll of paper with the butter lamp held in his hand still burning bright. Thereafter, the lake came to be known as Mebartsho (the burning Lake).
The Burning Lake, Mebar Tsho is located along the way to the Tang village ,over the feeder road under Bumthang valley. It takes approximately thirty minutes drive to the Mebar Tsho from Chamkhar town.
Mebar Tsho is considered one of the most sacred sites in the region as it is related to the renowned religious treasure reveler (Terton) Terton Pema Lingpa. Pema Lingpa is considered an incarnated disciple of Padmasambhava who discovered treasure within the lake in late 15th century.
Today this small fresh water lake is a sacred pilgrimage site for the Bhutanese with bright multicolored prayer flags surrounding it and a small altar dedicated to Terton Pema Lingpa has also been set up. On auspicious days people offer butter lamps at the lake. Many tourist visit the site to observe spectacular beauty of this important historical and religious site.
Then we drive back to Chumey and witness the festival.
NIMALUNG FESTIVAL
Nimalung Lhakhang is located in Chumey in Bumthang. It is approximately a 15 minute drive from the road that branches off from the village of Chumey.
The Lhakhang was co-founded by Dasho Gonpo Dorji and Doring Trulku Jamyang Kunzang, the third mind-aspect reincarnation of Terton Jigme Lingpa in 1935.
The main relic of the two-storied temple is a magnificent statue of Guru Rimpoche. The monastery is decorated with murals of the Nyingmapa and Drukpa traditions. There are also paintings of Guru Rimpoche and his disciples, the lineage of Terton Pema Lingpa, and several Buddhist masters affiliated with the monastery.
One of the most important festivals held at the Lhakhang is the Kaling Zhitro Drubchen. It was initiated by Doring Trulku and he was the first person to have started the rite in Bhutan. It is held on the first fifteen days of the first month of the Bhutanese calendar.
The local Tshechu is held once a year in the 5th month of the Bhutanese calendar. During the Tshechu an awe-inspiring Thongdrol (gigantic scroll painting) of Guru Rimpoche is put on display for attendees. The Thongdrol is nine meters long and twelve meters wide and in addition to inspiring wonder is said to cleanse the sins of all those who look upon it. The Thongdrol which was donated by Lopen Pemala and was consecrated in June 1994 in the presence of a large crowd of villagers by Lhalung Thuksey Rimpoche, the reincarnation of mental aspect of Pema Lingpa. During the festival, a series of colorful and spectacular mask dances are performed.
After the festival we also visit the Yathra (woolen cloths) weaving factory then we stroll in the town and drive back to hotel.
Dinner & O/N Hotel Mepham Guest house or Similar
June 15th 2016 – Day 04: Bumthang (Kurjey Festival)
In the morning, we will visit Jambay Lhakhang, built in 659 by Tibetan King Sontsen Gampo to pin down a giant demon who was obstructing the spread of Buddhism. In the October month, the Jambay Lhakhang Drup, which is sacred & one of the most colourful festivals in Bhutan.
We will also visit Kurjey Lhakhang (left-bottom), one of the most sacred monasteries in Bhutan. Built by the Guru Rinpoche in 1652, it houses a rock with his body imprint. Legend has it that Guru Rimpoche manifested as a Garuda to defeat the demon Shelging Karpo who had taken the form of a white lion. And we will also witness the festival here.
KURJEY FESTIVAL
The festival takes place at Kurjey Temple, located at Kurjey in the Chokhor valley in Bumthang district. It is a 15 minute drive from our hotel to arrive at the temple grounds.
The history of the temples at Kurjey is associated with Sindhu Raja and Guru Rimpoche. Sindhu Raja invited Guru Rimpoche from Nepal to Bhutan to subdue some evil spirits that had been plaguing the land. Upon invitation, Guru Rimpoche visited Bumthang and meditated in a cave that resembled a pile of Dorjis (stylized thunderbolt used for Buddhist rituals). After subduing the evil spirits and demons, imprints of the Guru’s body remained in the rock face. Thereafter, the name came to be known as Kurjey meaning - “Imprint of the body”. The Lhakhang is now a blessed site of great historical significance.
There are three main temples at Kurjey. The oldest temple was constructed on the site where Guru Rimpoche meditated by Minjur Tenpa the first Trongsa Penlop (Governor of Trongsa) in 1652.
The second temple was founded by Gongsar Ugyen Wangchuck (1st King) in 1900 while serving as the 13th Trongsa Penlop. This temple is the most sacred as it was built in the place where Guru Rimpoche left his body imprint.
The third temple was built in the 1990s. It was sponsored by the Queen Mother Ashi Kezang Choden Wangchuck. It houses the images of Guru Rimpoche, King Thrisong Detsen and Pandit Santarakshita.
In front of the temples are Chortens dedicated to the first three kings of Bhutan.
The Kurjey festival is an important occasion not only for the local people of Bumthang but for all Bhutanese. The festival brings together tourists and Bhutanese from all over as it presents the perfect occasion to not only receive blessings by witnessing age-old mask dances but also to enjoy this unique culture whilst basking in the natural beauty of Bhutan’s spiritual heartland.
After the festival we will hike to the Tamshing Goemba, built in 1501 by the Buddhist saint Pema Lingpa. If time permits then we will visit Kencho Sum Lhakhang and Swiss farm for local cheese, wine beer and honey.
Dinner & O/N Hotel Mepham Guest House or Similar
June 16th 2016 - Day 05: Bumthang - Gangtey (193 km, 7-8 hours drive)
After early breakfast we will drive to Gangtey. Whole day drive back the same route. The one of the best country side to see.
Dinner & O/N Hotel Gakiling or Similar.
June 17th 2016 – Day 06 : Gangtey to Thimphu (140 km – 5 hrs drive)
After breakfast we will visit the valley and take a short walk, the valley of Phobjikha is well known as the winter home of the Black necked crane (Grus Nigricollis). Bhutan is home to around six hundred black-necked cranes with Phobjikha being one of the popular places that the birds migrate to in the winter months from the Tibetan plateau. The elegant and shy birds can be observed from early November to end of March. This is an old monastery that dates back to 17th century. Lao visit Gangtey Goenpa. Then drive to Punakha and visit Punakha Dzong - Built in 1637, and then also visit
Chhimi Lhakhang – also the temple of Divine Mad Man. We the drive to Thimphu.
Dinner & O/N Hotel Kisa or Similar
June 18th 2016 – Day 07 : Thimphu – Paro (60 km 1.5 hrs drive)
After breakfast in the hotel we will do the Thimphu sightseeing - visit the Big Buddha Dordenma staue, then visit Motithang mini Zoo to see the rare "Takin" national animal of Bhutan, then visit Zilukha Nunnery , Visit Zorig chusum 13 varities of Arts & Crafts. Then we drive to Paro.
After Lunch in Paro we will visit Ta Dzong, once a watchtower, built to defend Rinpung Dzong during inter-valley wars of the 17th century, Ta Dzong was inaugurated as Bhutan's National Museum in 1968. Then drive to visit Paro Rinpung Dzong. Built in 1646 by Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyal , the first spiritual and temporal ruler of Bhutan, the Dzong houses the monastic body of Paro, the office of the Dzongda (district administrative head) and Thrimpon (judge) of Paro district. The approach to the Dzong or we exit and walk around through a traditional covered bridge called Nemi Zam where our car wait for us in the parking.
Dinner & O/N Olathang Hotel or similar
June 19th 2016 - Day 08: Day hike to Taktsang Monastery (Tiger Nest)
Day hike to the view point of Taktsang Monastery. Horses can be arranged with an extra payment. The hike which is all the way uphill takes about 2 /3 hours through villages and pine forests. The monastery clings to a huge granite cliff 800 meters from the paro valley. It is believed that the great saint Guru Padmasambhava came in the 7th century on a flying tigress and meditated in a cave. The demons were subdued who were trying to stop the spread of Buddhism and converted the Paro valley into Buddhism. During the end of the 17 century a monastery was built on the spot where the saint mediated and it is a pilgrimage site for every Buddhist to visit once in their life time.
Will have lunch in the cafeteria and walk back. If time permits then we will visit ruins of Drugyal Dzong.
Dinner in Farm House can make stay overnight also and Hot stone bath.
O/N Hotel Olathang or Similar or Farm House.
June 20th 2016 - Day 09 (陸路): Drive to Phuntsholing (Indian Border town) .
After breakfast in the hotel we drive to Phuntsholing and checkout to India by evening.
June 20th 2016 - Day 09 (飛機出不丹): Drive to the Airport.
Rate for the above package for the off-season month (Dec, Jan , Feb,June,July, August)
USD $ 1550 (陸路)per person above 10+ in the group.
USD $ 1550 (飛機)per person. above 10+ in the group. 曼谷不丹進出機票不含
Services Included:
• Twine share room in 3 star standard hotels.
• All meals (B,LD,)
• English speaking guide
• Entrance fees
• All necessary permits
• Land Transportations.
• Visa fee
Services Excluded:
• Mandarin speaking Guide ($ 100 per day )
• Travel insurance
• Airfare
• Expenses of personal nature (laundry, phone call etc)
• Liquor beverage (hard and soft drinks)
• Tips
• Pony hiring charge during Taktsang Monastery 虎穴寺 (走路的話 3/4小時來回)
• Service not mention here
• Hot stone bath.
• Lunch on the last day to Phuntsholing as the service ends with breakfast.
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