Called Dato’ Sri Ismail Sabri Yaakob today to congratulate him on becoming Malaysia’s 9th Prime Minister.
Malaysia and Singapore enjoy deep, warm, and multi-faceted relations. We have many common interests, and our peoples have familial ties across the border. Over the years, we have often worked closely on shared challenges, including in this pandemic. Dato’ Sri Ismail Sabri co-chaired the Singapore-Malaysia Special Working Committee on COVID-19 with SM Teo Chee Hean, to oversee the continued movement of people and goods across our borders.
With Dato’ Sri Ismail Sabri’s wealth of experience in public service and government, I am confident that our bilateral relationship will continue to flourish.
I invited PM Ismail Sabri to visit Singapore soon. I look forward to meeting him to discuss how we can partner each other to take our friendship further, and expand our cooperation. – LHL
([Left] MCI Photo by Betty Chua / [Right] PMO Malaysia)
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最近,我在「TIME時代」雜志的專欄文章裡,向全球的讀者介紹了大陸「世界工廠」的+AI自動化升級。隨著勞動力成本的上漲,工業自動化、智慧化勢必是大陸製造業的一劑特效藥。自動化能讓運營成本下降,但仍能讓中國大陸保持生產品質、流程、供應鏈維度的優勢。AI賦能產業升級的願景或許還需多年才能實現,但當下的大陸已經讓未來可期。
以下是專欄文章全文,經TIME授權翻譯轉載:
「中國世界工廠 + AI 的未來」
多年來,中國大陸一直被喻為「世界工廠」,即便在全球其他經濟體紛紛遭遇新冠疫情重擊的2020年,大陸製造產業仍然維持穩健的增長范式,全年產值高達3.854萬億美元,占到全球市場近三分之一。
但如果你腦中的大陸工廠是傳統的「血汗工廠」,是時候修正你的刻板印象了。大陸經濟已經迅速地從疫情衝擊下復蘇,疫情同時催化了各種各樣人工智慧(AI)的應用場景加速實現。自2014年以來,中國大陸的AI專利申請量已經超越美國,至今維持全球領先。在學術領域,中國大陸的AI研究論文發表數量、AI期刊的引用量,也雙雙在近年超過了美國。在產業方面,AI應用在大陸的落地速度超越世界其他國家和地區,具有商業價值的AI應用如今開始百花齊放,整合了軟體、硬體和機器人技術的新一代自動化揭開序曲,AI賦能傳統行業的能量,正在蓄勢待發地重塑各行各業。
人類社會至今經歷了三次不同的工業革命:蒸汽革命、電力革命和資訊革命。我相信,AI將會是推動全球第四次工業革命的核心引擎,在世界各地點燃數位化和自動化的變革,而這波前所未有的硬科技浪潮,將由中國來引領實踐。
由於勞動人口減少和新增人口放緩,中國大陸的傳統產業正面臨著勞動力成本上升的巨大壓力,AI正是解決這個難題的技術解答。人工智慧不僅能夠降低運營成本,提高生產效率,擴大整體產能,還有望能帶來收入的增長。
例如,創新工場投資的廣州極飛科技是一家致力於未來農業的AI科技公司,極飛將無人機、機器人和感測器部署在稻田、麥田和棉花田裡,用技術賦能農業中的播種、農藥噴灑、栽種管理、甚至天氣監測環節。用於作物噴灑的極飛科技R150農業無人車已經被推廣到了英國,應用在蘋果、草莓、黑莓等多種經濟作物的種植流程中。
一些大陸的創新公司正積極把機器人拓展到意想不到的場景。總部位於北京的鎂伽是創新工場投資的生命科學智慧自動化公司,他們和實驗室、製藥公司、高校合作,憑藉AI+機器人技術的積累,用自動化解決方案執行實驗室中勞動密集、重複性高、但需要高度精確的任務和流程,同時機器人作業也將盡最大可能保護實驗室人員降低實驗過程中的感染風險。
除了創業公司,我們看到幾家成熟的龍頭企業也開始積極擁抱AI。創新工場參與了有28年歷史的中力電動叉車,這家頭部的鋰電叉車製造商已經推出了能夠在工廠、倉庫自主運行的無人叉車,並且無需對運行環境進行改造,能快速實現從手動到電動到自動駕駛的搬運賦能創新。此外,擁有50多年歷史的領先客車製造商-宇通集團,與自動駕駛獨角獸企業-文遠知行戰略合作,已在大陸三個城市的馬路上運行全無人駕駛小巴。
接著會發生什麼?我大膽預見,在更長遠的未來,機器人和AI將接管大多數產品的製造、設計、交付甚至營銷——很可能將生產成本降低到和原物料成本相差無幾。未來的機器人有能力自我複製和自我修復,甚至做到部分自我反覆運算設計。房屋和公寓將交由AI主導設計,使用預製建築模塊,交由機器人像搭積木似地築樓蓋房。無人公交、無人摩托等隨傳隨到的自動化未來交通系統,能將我們安全無虞地送達想去的地方。
這些願景成為現實或許還需要多年,但此時的大陸正在積極鋪墊引領新一代自動化革命的基石。可期的是,中國工廠的實力將不僅僅體現在產能上,而將逐步彰顯在智慧上。
本文經「TIME時代」授權進行中文編譯,原文如下:
China Is Still the World's Factory — And It's Designing the Future With AI
BY KAI-FU LEE
For many years now, China has been the world’s factory. Even in 2020, as other economies struggled with the effects of the pandemic, China’s manufacturing output was $3.854 trillion, up from the previous year, accounting for nearly a third of the global market.
But if you are still thinking of China’s factories as sweatshops, it’s probably time to change your perception. The Chinese economic recovery from its short-lived pandemic blip has been boosted by its world-beating adoption of artificial intelligence (AI). After overtaking the U.S. in 2014, China now has a significant lead over the rest of the world in AI patent applications. In academia, China recently surpassed the U.S. in the number of both AI research publications and journal citations. Commercial applications are flourishing: a new wave of automation and AI infusion is crashing across a swath of sectors, combining software, hardware and robotics.
As a society, we have experienced three distinct industrial revolutions: steam power, electricity and information technology. I believe AI is the engine fueling the fourth industrial revolution globally, digitizing and automating everywhere. China is at the forefront in manifesting this unprecedented change.
Chinese traditional industries are confronting rising labor costs thanks to a declining working population and slowing population growth. The answer is AI, which reduces operational costs, enhances efficiency and productivity, and generates revenue growth.
For example, Guangzhou-based agricultural-technology company XAG, a Sinovation Ventures portfolio company, is sending drones, robots and sensors to rice, wheat and cotton fields, automating seeding, pesticide spraying, crop development and weather monitoring. XAG’s R150 autonomous vehicle, which sprays crops, has recently been deployed in the U.K. to be used on apples, strawberries and blackberries.
Some companies are rolling out robots in new and unexpected sectors. MegaRobo, a Beijing-based life-science automation company also backed by Sinovation Ventures, designs AI and robots to safely perform repetitive and precise laboratory work in universities, pharmaceutical companies and more, reducing to zero the infection risk to lab workers.
It’s not just startups; established market leaders are also leaning into AI. EP Equipment, a manufacturer of lithium-powered warehouse forklifts founded in Hangzhou 28 years ago, has with Sinovation Ventures’ backing launched autonomous models that are able to maneuver themselves in factories and on warehouse floors. Additionally Yutong Group, a leading bus manufacturer with over 50 years’ history, already has a driverless Mini Robobus on the streets of three cities in partnership with autonomous vehicle unicorn WeRide.
Where is all this headed? I can foresee a time when robots and AI will take over the manufacturing, design, delivery and even marketing of most goods—potentially reducing costs to a small increment over the cost of materials. Robots will become self-replicating, self-repairing and even partially self-designing. Houses and apartment buildings will be designed by AI and use prefabricated modules that robots put together like toy blocks. And just-in-time autonomous public transportation, from robo-buses to robo-scooters, will take us anywhere we want to go.
It will be years before these visions of the future enter the mainstream. But China is laying the groundwork right now, setting itself up to be a leader not only in how much it manufactures, but also in how intelligently it does it.
Source:https://time.com/6084158/china-ai-factory-future/
public goods 在 多益達人 林立英文 Facebook 的最讚貼文
How Big Is Amazon, Really?
By Shira Ovide
I’m fond of ( ) repeating a shopping statistic ( ) that often surprises people. In the United States — even during the pandemic — only about $14 out of each $100 worth of stuff we buy is spent online. Amazon is responsible for roughly $5 of that.
So is Amazon a giant that dominates ( ) our internet spending or a blip ( ) in America’s shopping universe? It depends on how you look at the numbers. Amazon is huge in internet sales, but puny ( ) relative to all the goods Americans buy.
Our perception ( ) of Amazon’s size influences how the public and policymakers think about the company. And yet while the company’s share of spending matters, it also doesn’t tell us everything.
Permit me to get a little nerdy ( ) about numbers. Without a doubt, Amazon is the king of online shopping in the United States. Research firm eMarketer estimated that Amazon will be responsible for more than 40% of Americans’ e-commerce spending this year. The second-largest internet store, Walmart, is far behind at about 7%.
Back to my point, though, that internet shopping remains relatively ( ) small. The picture is a little different depending on how you count.
U.S. government data on online shopping plus those eMarketer estimates ( ) put Amazon at about 5% of all U.S. retail sales.
(And there’s a wrinkle ( ): A trade group for retailers recently told me that there could be inaccuracies in the government counting of shopping that blurs ( ) the line between stores and online, such as picking up online orders in person.)
Data can be a weapon. Amazon often uses a version of the 5% sales figure to counter ( ) critics who say the company is too big and powerful. But government investigations into big technology companies are looking at the behavior of Big Tech, not just their size. They’re trying to answer whether companies abuse their power to get advantages over competitors and hurt us.
Amazon has had a profound ( ) influence on people’s behavior, the strategies of entire industries and our communities no matter what the numbers say.
What we’re seeing in real life from Amazon and beyond are big ripple effects ( ) from a small market share.
So, is Amazon big? Yes and also no. And the reality is that no matter what the numbers say, Amazon commands ( ) the attention of people, other companies and governments because it’s influential in reshaping the world.
亞馬遜到底算不算大?
我喜歡重述一個常讓人吃驚的購物統計數字。在美國,即便是疫情期間,我們每購買100美元商品,僅14美元是在網上消費,其中亞馬遜約占了5美元。
所以,亞馬遜究竟是主宰我們網路消費的巨人,還是美國購物世界乍現的一個小光點呢?端視你如何看待這些數字。亞馬遜網路銷售金額龐大,但跟美國人總體商品購買額相比卻微不足道。
我們對亞馬遜規模的感受,影響著民眾和決策者對該公司的看法。然而,該公司在消費者支出中所占比率固然重要,卻並不代表一切。
且容我在數字上再多著墨些。無疑地,亞馬遜是美國網路購物之王。研究公司eMarketer估計,亞馬遜將占今年美國民眾電子商務支出的40%以上。第二大網路商店沃爾瑪則以7%左右遠遠落後。
不過,回到我原先談到的重點,網路購物規模仍相對較小。隨著計算方式的不同,情況也會有些差異。
根據美國政府有關網路購物的數據及eMarketer的估計,亞馬遜約占美國零售總額的5%。
(還有一個小問題是,一個零售業的同業組織日前告訴我,政府對購物數字的統計可能不準確,因為模糊了實體商店和網路商店的界限,例如在網路下單卻親赴實體商店取貨。)
數據可以是一種武器。亞馬遜經常用5%的銷售比率來反駁那些認為該公司太強大的批評者,但政府對大型科技公司的調查不僅關注其規模,還關注行為。他們正嘗試查明這些公司是否濫用權力來獲得超越競爭對手的優勢,並對我們造成傷害。
無論這些數字代表什麼,亞馬遜對人們的行為、各種產業的整體策略,以及我們的社群,都有著深遠影響。
我們在現實生活中從亞馬遜及其他公司身上看到的是,來自低市占率的巨大連漪效應。
那麼,亞馬遜很大嗎?是,也不是。現實的情況是,不管這些數字代表什麼,亞馬遜都吸引著人們、其他企業和政府的注意,因為它在重塑這世界上具有影響力。
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61万人の子供たちを驚愕させたあのゲームをやります
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ごゆっくり!
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Public Goods. 34424 likes · 1801 talking about this · 3 were here. Beautiful essentials for a healthier, more sustainable home. One tree planted for... ... <看更多>