關於 disease of poultry ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

徵才機關：國立屏東科技大學

人員區分：其他人員>

官職等：無>

職系：無>

名額：2>

性別：不拘>

工作地點：90-屏東縣>

有效期間：109/06/19~109/07/02>

資格條件：

國立屏東科技大學108學年度第2學期徵聘「研究人員」公告(校務基金進用)

聘期自本校通知報到日起聘，以一年一聘為原則，但計畫期限在一年以內者，應依實際所需時間聘用，任期最長以三年為限。惟如因計畫持續需要，得聘期得至計畫執行期限結束時止。
（自本校通知報到日起聘） 公告日期：109年6月19日

■徵聘單位：研究總中心(家畜禽領域)
■徵聘職稱：助理教授級研究人員
■名額：1名
■一般資格條件：具教育部認可之國內、外，動物科學、獸醫、環境工程或生物機電等相關系所博士學位。
■專長領域或特殊資格條件(含研究著作要求)：
1.家畜禽飼養管理及廢水循環經濟利用整合，如同時具有以下能力者，尤佳：
(1)家畜禽飼養管理：動物繁殖育種、性能檢定與評估、各階段動物生產飼養管理、飼料配方技術與品管、飼料營養、飼料添加劑技術。
(2)家畜禽健康管理：疾病監控、疾病防疫、預防醫學、動物防疫保健。
(3)家畜禽智慧化飼養管理：畜舍規劃與設計、動物福址飼養管理、飼養設施智慧化應用、智慧化資訊傳遞路徑技術。
(4)畜牧廢水處理與循環利用：有機化學、廢水處理技術與原理、廢棄物循環利用技術。
(5)英文能力：需具備良好之英文溝通能力。

■Department：General Research Service Center
■Position：Assistant Professor Rank Research Fellow
■Vacancy：1
■General Requirement：A master’s degree recognized by the Ministry of Education of the R.O.C. in relevant fields is required or an experience as a lecturer (or above) with an official teaching certificate.
■Specialization or Special Qualification(research and publication requirement included)：
1.Livestock and poultry breeding management and waste recycling economic utilization integration:
(1) Feeding and management: reproduction, performance testing and estimation, management, feed formula, feed quality control, nutrition and feed additives.
(2) Animal health: disease monitoring, disease prevention and biosecurity.
(3) Intelligent feeding and management: farm design, farm management, welfare, and intelligent application
(4) Recycling and high-performance waste processing: organic chemistry, waste and slurry processing and recycling technologies.
(5)Good English communication skill.
============================================================

工作項目：

■徵聘單位：研究總中心(家畜禽領域)
■徵聘職稱：講師級研究員
■名額：1名
■一般資格條件：具教育部認可之國內、外，動物科學、獸醫、環境工程或生物機電等相關系所碩士(含)以上學位。
■專長領域或特殊資格條件(含研究著作要求)：
1.家畜禽飼養管理及廢水循環經濟利用整合，如同時具有以下能力者，尤佳：
(1)家畜禽飼養管理：動物繁殖育種、性能檢定與評估、各階段動物生產飼養管理、飼料配方技術與品管、飼料營養、飼料添加劑技術。
(2)家畜禽健康管理：疾病監控、疾病防疫、預防醫學、動物防疫保健。
(3)家畜禽智慧化飼養管理：畜舍規劃與設計、動物福址飼養管理、飼養設施智慧化應用、智慧化資訊傳遞路徑技術。
(4)畜牧廢水處理與循環利用：有機化學、廢水處理技術與原理、廢棄物循環利用技術。
(5)英文能力：需具備中等之英文溝通能力。

■Department：General Research Service Center
■Position：Lecturer Rank Research Fellow
■Vacancy：1
■General Requirement：A master’s degree recognized by the Ministry of Education of the R.O.C. in relevant fields is required or an experience as a lecturer (or above) with an official teaching certificate.
■Specialization or Special Qualification(research and publication requirement included)：
1.Livestock and poultry breeding management and waste recycling economic utilization integration：
(1) Feeding and management：reproduction, performance testing, management, feed formula, feed quality control, nutrition and feed additives.
(2) Animal health: disease monitoring, disease prevention and biosecurity.
(3) Intelligent feeding and management: farm design, farm management, welfare, and intelligent application.
(4) Recycling and high-performance waste processing: organic chemistry, waste and slurry processing and recycling technologies.
(5) Moderate English communication skill.

============================================================

工作地址：

屏東縣內埔鄉老埤村學府路一號(國立屏東科技大學)
電子地圖

聯絡E-Mail：>

聯絡方式(含檢具文件)：

■備註︰
※依本校「校務基金進用研究人員聘任辦法」第六條規定，校務基金進用研究人員聘期，以一年一聘為原則，但計畫期限在一年以內者，應依實際所需時間聘用，任期最長以三年為限。惟如因計畫持續需要，得聘期得至計畫執行期限結束時止。校務基金進用研究人員辦理續聘時，應提出聘任期間執行研究成果績效報告，並載明要求事項及檢據證明文件資料。
一、以上應徵之「一般資格條件」，須於公告截止日前（109年7月2日）已具有碩士/博士學位。
二、以上應徵之「專長領域獲特殊資格條件」中有關「實務工作經驗」之審核，本校將依教育部訂定公布「技專校院專業科目或技術科目之教師業界實務工作經驗認定標準」規定辦理。
三、報名期間︰自公告日起至109年7月2日止截止收件。
四、報名方式︰報名方式︰一律採書面方式報名，收件至報名截止日止。
(一) 郵寄方式報名：以郵戳為憑，請寄送至91201屏東縣內埔鄉老埤村學府路1號，國立屏東科技大學人事室收。
(二) 親送方式報名：以本校人事室「職缺收件章」收件日期為憑，請於報名截止日前之本校工作日期間親送至本校行政中心二樓人事室，交由人事人員收執，並加蓋「職缺收件章」。
※ 應檢附之證件不齊或逾期者，均不予受理。
五、聯絡電話︰08-7703202轉分機6112 本校人事室朱專員。
六、應徵信封右上角請務必註明「應徵者姓名」及「應徵單位（領域）」；資格符合者由徵聘單位辦理後續審查事宜，不合者恕不退件及函復。如未獲錄取時需返還書面應徵資料，請附足額回郵信封以利郵寄。
七、報名需繳交表件︰(徵聘單位另有資料需求者，請依其需求辦理)
(一)現職工作佐證文件(國外任職證明文件須附中文譯本並經我國駐外單位驗證)。
(二)個人基本資料表（請詳細註明通訊地址、聯絡電話、行動電話及電子郵件信箱）。
(三)最近五年內著作一覽表。
(四)最高學歷畢業證書影本，畢業學校如係國外學歷須為教育部所認可且經我國駐外單位驗證有案者，須於公告截止日前取得之學歷始予採認。
(五)檢附相關實務工作經驗之證明文件影本。（須於公告截止日前之實務工作經驗始予採認）
(六)最高學歷歷年成績單影本，畢業學校如係國外學歷須為教育部所認可且經我國駐外單位驗證有案者。
(七)其他有利於聘審之資格證明文件。
(八)國立屏東科技大學個人資料蒐集聲明暨同意書。
※※（一 ~ 八）項資料請勿膠封，使用長尾夾固定成冊即可※※
八、請應徵者詳閱「本校個人資料蒐集聲明暨同意書」，確認同意相關事項後簽名，並隨同履歷資料繳件。
九、前述第七項（1款）所需之「個人基本資料表(word檔案)」、「個人資料簡表(校務基金進用研究人員)(Excel檔案)」表格，刊登於本校首頁（網址：http://www.npust.edu.tw/）點選「徵才資訊」及人事室網站首頁（網址http://personnel.npust.edu.tw/bin/home.php）最新消息、徵才求職，請自行下載相關表格使用；其中有關「個人資料簡表.xlsx(Excel檔案)」，請另行以E-mail方式逕傳送以下相關系、所承辦人：
項目 單位 郵件信箱
(一) 研究總中心 grsc@g4e.npust.edu.tw
十、應徵者之個人資料將用於本校此次徵聘研究人員之各項相關業務；且錄取後，將其個人資料供校務行政之用。
十一、本校聘任前依性侵害犯罪加害人登記報到查訪及查閱辦法第14條之規定，應申請查閱有無性侵害犯罪紀錄。
十二、本公告同時刊登於下列網站：
(一)行政院人事行政總處網址http://www.dgpa.gov.tw/點選「事求人」。
(二)本校首頁網址http://mportal.npust.edu.tw/bin/home.php 點選「求才資訊」。
(三)本校人事室網址http://personnel.npust.edu.tw/bin/home.php點選「最新消息」及「徵才求職區」。
(四)「全國就業通」網址https://www.taiwanjobs.gov.tw/Internet/index/index.aspx 點選「找工作」。
(五)「104人力銀行」網址https://www.104.com.tw/index.cfm。
(六)「教育部全國大專教育人才網」網址https://tjn.moe.edu.tw/index.php/點選「職缺訊息」。
(七)「科技部網站」網址https://www.most.gov.tw/?l=ch/點選「動態資訊/求才訊息」。

請傳給你認識的外國朋友

（繼續發酵！英文翻譯上線！幫手推！）🔥 有外媒相繼報道了關於袁國勇、龍振邦兩位教授疑似因壓力而撤回《明報》專欄文章一事，有手足更花了時間，把文章譯作英文。西方社會是需要知道真相的，請廣傳給在外國的朋友：

[On Mar 18 2020, Professor David Lung at the University of Hong Kong and his colleague Professor Yuen Kwok-yung, a world-renowned expert in microbiology and infectious diseases, withdrew their op-ed in the Chinese-language newspaper Ming Pao, in which they elucidated the origin and naming of the Wuhan Coronavirus, and criticized "inferior Chinese culture" for being the origin of the present pandemic. This led to allegations that the Chinese and Hong Kong governments are covering up the truth and suppressing academic freedom. Below is an English translation of this op-ed. Please spread the word and expose the truth!]

Outbreak in Wuhan shows that lessons from seventeen years ago are forgotten - David Lung and Yuen Kwok-yung, University of Hong Kong [translated from Chinese]

The novel coronavirus outbreak began in Wuhan in Winter 2019, and engulfed the entire province of Hubei by Spring 2020; the number of cases in China grew to over 80,000, with at least 3,000 deaths. The outbreak in China slowed down only after a month-long lockdown, which has failed to curtail the spread of the disease overseas by March 2020. The World Health Organization (WHO) was sluggish in response and failed to declare this a pandemic in a timely fashion. Shortage of relevant measures and protective gear around the world contributed to the global outbreak. Singapore, Hong Kong, Macau, and the Republic of China have so far been spared of the pandemic, though cases linked to overseas travel have yet to cease.

This pandemic is caused by a coronavirus, thus named because of its shape. From 2015 onwards, the WHO has ceased to name diseases using monikers for people, places, animals, food, culture, or occupations. As such, they labeled the disease using the year of the outbreak; thus the designation COVID-19. The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) used viral genome sequencing as the sole criterion for the naming of viruses; because the similarity between the genetic sequences of the SARS coronavirus and the present novel coronavirus, which therefore is not truly "novel", the ICTV designated the novel coronavirus as "SARS-CoV-2.0". Media organizations and the public call this the Wuhan Coronavirus or the Wuhan Pneumonia; this is perfectly fine because of its simplicity.

There has been heated debate over the naming of the pandemic. As a matter of fact, the disease is named by the WHO and the virus is named by the ICTV; the common name is purely a customary matter and suffices to serves it purpose as long as it is simple and clear. The official names of COVID-19 for the disease, or SARS-CoV-2 for the virus, must be used in scientific and academic discourse. However, the simplicity of the popular designations "Wuhan Coronavirus" and "Wuhan Pneumonia" are far more conducive to daily communication and conversations in the media.

The 2020 pandemic originated in Wuhan

Roughly 75% of novel diseases can be traced to wild animals; the ancestral virus from which several mammalian coronaviruses descend can be traced to bats or birds, both of which can fly over a distance of several thousands of kilometers to the location of first discovery of the virus. As such, the nomenclature of viruses may utilize the name of the location of discovery. The most accurate and objective means to identify the origin of the virus is to isolate the virus from the animal host. However, the Huanan Seafood Market had been cleared, and live wild animals vacated, by the time researchers had arrived for live samples. Consequently, the identity of the natural and intermediate hosts of the coronavirus is unclear. According to local personnel, the wild games in the Huanan Seafood Market are shipped and smuggled from various locations in China, Southeast Asia, and Africa; it remains impossible to identify the ancestry of the Wuhan Coronavirus.

Viral genome sequencing shows a 96% similarity between the Wuhan Coronavirus and the viral strain RaTG13 found in bats, lending credence to the belief that the RaTG13 strain is the ancestral virus for the Wuhan Coronavirus. This viral strain can be isolated from the bat species Rhinolophus sinicus found in Yunnan, China; thus bats are believed to be the natural host to the Wuhan Coronavirus. Epidemiological studies show definitively that the Huanan Seafood Market was the amplification epicenter, where the transmission of the virus from the natural host to the intermediate host likely occurred, before a mutation to a form that can adapt to the human body, followed by human-to-human transmission.

The identity of the intermediate host remains unclear; viral genome sequencing, however, reveals a 90% similarity between the spike receptor-binding domain of the Wuhan Coronavirus and of the coronavirus strain found in pangolins. While uncertainties remain for us to unambiguously identify the pangolin as the intermediate host, it is extremely likely that the pangolin coronavirus strain donated the spike receptor-binding domain genetic sequence, or even the entire gene section, to the bat coronavirus strain, culminating in the novel coronavirus upon DNA shuffling.

Wild animal market: the origin of numerous viruses

The SARS outbreak in 2003 can be traced to Heyuan prior to engulfing Guangdong and ravaging Hong Kong. The SARS Coronavirus was found in the masked palm civet; China has subsequently outlawed the sales of live wild animals. Seventeen years later, wild animal markets have instead grown unabashed, in flagrant violation of the law. The Chinese people have forgotten the lessons of SARS in their entirety. The glaring appearance of live wild animal markets in city centers, and the egregious acts of selling, cooking, and eating these wild animals, constitute a stunning and blatant disregard for the laws. The feces of these wild animals carry large concentrations of bacteria and viruses; the crowded set-up, the poor hygiene, and the proximity of different animal species are extremely conducive to DNA shuffling and genetic mutations. As such, these markets need to be banned outright.

Remodeling of markets is key to the prevention of epidemics. The Chinese and Hong Kong governments must promptly improve the set-up of markets by enhancing ventilation and getting rid of rats and pests. Before the elimination of all live poultry markets becomes a reality, animal feces found in these markets must be handled properly to lower the chances of genetic shuffling between viruses.

Internet conspiracies of an U.S. origin of the virus is not supported by facts, and only serves to mislead the public. The dissemination of conspiracy theories needs to stop. Transparency is first and foremost in the fight against an epidemic; we need cool heads and rational analysis in place of hearsay and falsehood. The failure to close all live wild animal markets post-SARS was a colossal mistake; to win the battle over the pandemic, we must face reality, and not repeat the same mistakes while leaving the blame upon others. The Wuhan Coronavirus is a product of inferior Chinese culture -\-\ the culture of recklessly catching and eating wild animals, and treating animals inhumanely, with an utter disrespect and disregard of lives. This inferior culture of the Chinese people -\-\ specifically the consumption of wild animals to satiate themselves -\-\ is the true origin of the Wuhan Coronavirus. If these habits and attitudes remain in place, SARS 3.0 will certainly happen in a matter of a decade or so.

以上翻譯來自：
一個窮科學家移民美國的夢幻故事

外媒報道：
https://www.nytimes.com/…/19reuters-health-coronavirus-hong…

https://www.nasdaq.com/…/adviser-to-hong-kong-on-coronaviru…

[時事英文] 紐約時報報導: 武漢冠狀病毒*

The mysterious coronavirus that has killed at least four people and sickened more than 200 in China is capable of spreading from person to person, a prominent Chinese scientist said on Monday, adding to fears of a broader epidemic.

一位著名的中國科學家於週一表示，已在中國造成至少四人死亡、超過200人患病的神秘冠狀病毒能夠在人際之間傳播。這加劇了人們對更大範圍疫情的擔憂。

1. the mysterious coronavirus 神秘的冠狀病毒
2. be capable of… 能夠
3. spread from person to person 人際之間傳播
4. a prominent scientist 著名的中國科學家
5. add to fears 加劇了擔憂
6. broader epidemic 更大範圍的疫情

*Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), previously known by the provisional name 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus.It is contagious in humans and is the cause of the ongoing 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak, an epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that has been designated a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization (WHO).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_novel_coronavirus

★★★★★★★★★★★★

The authorities had previously said the deadly virus seemed capable of spreading only from animals to humans in most cases, tracing the outbreak to a market in Wuhan.

有關部門此前曾表示，多數情況下，這種致命病毒似乎只會從動物傳播給人類，並將疫情追溯到武漢的一個市場。

7. trace the outbreak to… 將疾病的爆發追溯到…

★★★★★★★★★★★★

“Now we can say it is certain that it is a human-to-human transmission phenomenon,” Zhong Nanshan, a scientist who is leading a government-appointed expert panel on the outbreak, said in an interview on state-run television on Monday.

「現在可以說，肯定有人傳人現象，」科學家鍾南山週一在國家電視台的採訪中說。他是政府指定的專家小組的負責人。

8. human-to-human transmission 人傳人
9. expert panel 專家小組
10. state-run television 國家電視台

★★★★★★★★★★★★

The World Health Organization announced Monday that it was convening an emergency meeting on Wednesday, Jan. 22, “to ascertain whether the outbreak constitutes a public health emergency of international concern, and what recommendations should be made to manage it.”

世界衛生組織(World Health Organization)週一宣布，將於1月22日（週三）召開緊急會議，「以確定此次疫情是否構成國際關注的突發公共衛生事件，以及應採取何種措施進行應對」。

11. convene an emergency meeting 召開緊急會議
12. ascertain whether… 確定…是否…
13. constitute 構成
14. a public health emergency 公共衛生緊急事件
15. International concern 國際關注
16. make recommendations 提出建議

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Symptoms of infection include a high fever, difficulty breathing and lung lesions. Milder cases may resemble the flu or a bad cold, making detection very difficult. The incubation period — the time from exposure to the onset of symptoms — is believed to be about two weeks.

感染癥狀包括高燒、呼吸困難和肺部病變。較輕的病例可能類似於流感或重感冒，使檢測非常困難。潛伏期——從接觸病毒到癥狀發作的時間——大約為兩週。

17. symptoms of the infection 感染癥狀
18. lung lesions 肺部病變，損傷
19. milder cases 較輕的病例
20. resemble 類似；與…相似
21. the incubation period 潛伏期*
22. from exposure to the onset of symptoms 從接觸病毒到癥狀發作

*http://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/1320192/

★★★★★★★★★★★★

To prevent the spread of respiratory infections, the W.H.O. recommends that people wash their hands regularly, cover their mouths and noses when coughing and sneezing, and avoid direct contact with farm or wild animals.

為防止呼吸道感染的傳播，世界衛生組織建議人們經常洗手，咳嗽和打噴嚏時捂住口鼻，避免同農場或野生的動物直接接觸。

23. respiratory infection 呼吸道感染
24. recommend that... 建議…
25. avoid direct contact with... 避免或…直接接觸

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Sources:

https://cn.nytimes.com/…/coronavirus-china-sy…/zh-hant/dual/

https://cn.nytimes.com/…/…/what-is-coronavirus/zh-hant/dual/

Image source: https://www.nytimes.com/20…/…/21/health/cdc-coronavirus.html

★★★★★★★★★★★★

★★★★★★★★★★★★

接下來則是提供同學預防疾病相關的關鍵片語:

Set I. 我們從預防疾病(disease prevention)相關的詞彙組塊 (lexical chunks) 開始:

1. improve our hygiene (加強衛生)
2. wet (弄濕), lather (起泡), scrub (搓洗), rinse (洗淨), and dry our hands (擦乾我們的手)
3. cook poultry and pork thoroughly (煮熟雞肉和豬肉)
4. refrigerate all leftovers (冷藏剩菜)
5. get vaccinated (注射預防針)
6. develop an immunity to (對…產生免疫)

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Set II. 當我們生病時我們應該用甚麼相關的詞彙組塊來表達?

1. contract a disease (感染一種病)
2. receive treatment (接受治療 )
3. seek help from a medical professional (尋求專業醫療照護)
4. do not diagnose our own illnesses (不要自行診斷)
5. follow the doctor’s orders (聽從醫師的指示)
6. take our medication and follow the prescription (遵循處方吃藥)
7. follow the prescribed course of treatment (遵循處方治療)
8. not finishing the prescription may slow down the healing process (沒吃完處方簽藥物可能會延緩復原的時間 )
9. cause germs to develop antibiotic resistance (導致細菌產生抗藥性)

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Set III. 以下是與流行疾病相關的詞彙組塊:

1. contain an outbreak (阻止疫情的爆發)
2. contagious disease (傳染病)
3. an epidemic (流行病)
4. a pandemic (國家疫情爆發或擴散)
5. a global pandemic (國家和全世界的流行病)
6. avoid touching our mouths, noses, or eyes (避免觸碰我們的口鼻眼)
7. cover our mouths and noses when coughing and sneezing (咳嗽或打噴嚏時請遮口鼻)
8. avoid crowded places (避免前往人多的地方)
9. reduce human transmission 減少人類傳染
10. stay home if you show signs of illness (若感到不適請留在家中)
11. develop symptoms of the diseases (產生生病症狀)
12. seek medical attention by contacting your health care provider (與您的醫療服務提供者聯絡尋求醫療協助)
13. have severe symptoms (有嚴重的症狀)
14. difficulty in breathing (難以呼吸)
15. wear a surgical mask (使用外科口罩)
16. reduce chances of contracting a disease (避免染上疾病)
17. pay attention to public announcements about the disease (注意關於疫情的公告)
18. be prepared for possible pandemics (對於疫情爆發要有準備)

★★★★★★★★★★★★

Set IV. 最後我們要如何保持健康的詞彙組塊:

1. stay healthy (保持健康)
2. mentally healthy (心理上的健康)
3. understand our own emotions (認識與了解自己的情緒)
4. talk to others about problems such as depressions
(與其他人談談自己的問題，如情緒低落或憂鬱)
5. stay socially healthy (維持社交上的健康)
6. maintain good relationships (維持良好的關係)
7. stay physically healthy (維持生理上的健康)
8. exercise regularly (定期地運動)
9. get plenty of rest (有充足的休息)
10. maintain healthy eating habits (保持健康飲食習慣)
11. eat nutritious meals (每餐要吃得營養)

★★★★★★★★★★★★

保健心智圖: https://goo.gl/seqt5k

保健相關單字: https://wp.me/p44l9b-Tt (+mp3)

時事英文大全: https://wp.me/p44l9b-1Y8